Early rehabilitation treatment principles
Basic principles: Standardized rehabilitation treatment in the early stage of the disease can effectively avoid or reduce functional impairment, improve self-care ability and quality of life, and reduce the burden on families and society.
Early rehabilitation treatment should follow the following basic principles.
First, the principle of patient safety. Ensuring patient safety is the core requirement for early rehabilitation treatment. Rehabilitation treatment activities should be carried out by rehabilitation physicians and qualified rehabilitation therapists. Rehabilitation treatment process should closely observe the patient’s response, timely understanding of the treatment effect, to avoid aggravation, adverse reactions and the emergence of new injuries and other conditions.
Second, the principle of gradual and orderly progress. Rehabilitation treatment methods, intensity, time, frequency and other dosage parameters should be small to large, reasonable increment.
Third, the principle of individualized treatment. A comprehensive understanding of the patient’s basic information, condition and specialty treatment, the scope and degree of functional impairment, etc., should be used to develop an individualized rehabilitation treatment plan.
4. Principle of multidisciplinary cooperation. Rehabilitation professionals and medical personnel of other clinical specialties should fully communicate, establish a team work mode, integrate the advantages of the specialties, and jointly develop and implement rehabilitation treatment plans to improve the overall treatment effect of patients.
Early rehabilitation treatment principles for extremity fractures I. First treatment time within 24 hours after the completion of orthopedic clinical treatment.
II. Rehabilitation assessment content
(A) General condition of the patient. Including basic conditions such as consciousness, vital signs, sleep, urination and defecation. Understand the overall treatment situation of the patient.
(B) Rehabilitation specialist assessment. Assess the pain and swelling of the fracture site, the nerve function and circulation function of the limb, the joint mobility and muscle strength without affecting the stability of the fracture, etc. Assess the patient’s transfer, standing and walking functions as well as the ability of daily living activities according to the condition.
According to the assessment results and combined with the condition, the following rehabilitation treatments will be carried out as appropriate.
(1) Positioning and treatment.
(2) Prevention and control of complications, especially deep vein thrombosis, joint adhesions, muscle atrophy, tendon atrophy and ossifying myositis, etc.
(iii) Local treatment of fracture. Reduce swelling, relieve pain, and promote healing of the fracture site. According to the fracture site and fixation method, implement isometric contraction movement of the fracture site and active or passive movement of the adjacent joints.
(4) According to the patient’s condition, carry out transfer, weight-bearing and walking training at the appropriate time, and provide guidance on the use of assistive devices when necessary.
IV. Precautions
(1) Develop a schedule of weight-bearing time for the affected limb according to the fracture fixation mode.
(2) The rehabilitation treatment should not cause significant pain to the patient and the amount of exercise should be gradual.
(3) Rehabilitation treatment should be adjusted or suspended when the patient has the following conditions or complications: unstable vital signs, fever, pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis of lower limbs, unstable fracture fixation, diseases that are not suitable for rehabilitation treatment, and uncooperative patients.
Early rehabilitation treatment principle of sports trauma I. The first treatment time should be within 24 hours after the completion of clinical specialist treatment.