1.How can my baby cough up phlegm at night and not be able to cough it up on his own? Is it because the technique is not right if I can’t get rid of the phlegm? Do I need to take medicine?
Coughing is a physiological protection mechanism. Parents can pat the baby’s back more often to help expel phlegm for a mild cough, but babies usually do not cough up phlegm yet, and the swallowed phlegm can be discharged through the digestive tract via stool. At night when sleeping as snot flows to the back of the throat, it can stimulate to trigger an aggravation of the cough, try to raise the mattress in the direction of the head into a tilt (the same applies to babies with severe milk spillage).
For a mild, occasional cough, it is recommended to drink plenty of water and pat the back to help expel the phlegm. For small babies who cannot cough up phlegm on their own, parents should pat their backs, preferably half an hour to a little before or 2 hours after drinking milk, or after nebulizer treatment for children with a lot of phlegm, for about a quarter of an hour each time (fingers bent together into a cup shape to pat the baby’s back). It is best for small babies to have a low head and high feet posture, so they can lie on their parents’ laps or have their lower body padded. When patting sputum, you need to closely observe the baby’s reaction.
For severe coughing and wheezing, try nebulizer treatment in consultation with your doctor. Commonly used nebulized inhalation drugs:
1. saline, which can be used as a medium for other drugs or alone.
2.Phlegmolytic agents, such as tranylcypromine, to make sputum easy to cough up and reduce the coughing phenomenon.
3. bronchial antispasmodics, such as salbutamol, which release bronchial spasm and relieve dyspnea during wheezing episodes.
4, hormones, such as budesonide, has a local anti-inflammatory effect, nebulized inhalation side effects are small, adverse reactions are common in the oropharynx local, after nebulization must wash face and rinse mouth with water. The above drugs should be used in accordance with the doctor.
2.Baby’s cold and runny nose is very serious, because wiping the nose near the mouth are red, once wiped, cry and do not give wipe. What should I do? I can’t sleep well at night with puffing and panting. Is there any physical way to ventilate the nose with a stuffy nose?
Skin care for runny nose: baby’s skin is very delicate, wipe gently with a soft handkerchief, wiping many times will make the baby uncomfortable, you can cover it lightly with a wet towel after wiping, and then apply a little moisturizer to prevent chapped skin from causing pain.
Nasal snot cleaning: use olive oil and other oils thinly applied to the mucous membrane in the clean nasal cavity, can reduce secretion secretion. If the nasal blockage affects breathing, use a nasal aspirator to suck out the snot, or use a cotton swab dipped in a small amount of water (saline) to remove it gently; if the swelling of the mucous membrane in the nose affects breathing, use a warm towel on the root of the nose to relieve the symptoms of nasal congestion.
3.Does it matter if my baby gets up every morning and coughs a few times? There are no other symptoms.
There is no need to worry too much if your baby coughs occasionally in the morning, but if you have a long-term morning cough, sneezing and runny nose, you should consider whether there are allergies.
4.Baby has a fever, and it doesn’t take long for the fever to rise again to 39 after taking medicine. Does it mean that the viral infection is very strong?
The decrease in body temperature is accomplished by increasing the body’s heat dissipation, mainly through skin sweating and urine discharge. Therefore, even if the medication is chosen correctly and the dosage is used appropriately, to achieve the desired effect of reducing fever, the child must be allowed to take in enough fluids, otherwise the antipyretic medication will not be able to play its role of reducing fever. In addition, proper physical cooling can help achieve a better fever-reducing effect.
Of course, during fever, it is common for the body temperature to be high and low at times. The body temperature can return to normal only after the cause of the fever is eliminated and the disease is cured, and the temperature adjustment point returns to its original setting.
In principle, when the fever, when the baby’s axillary temperature is lower than 38.5 ℃, take physical cooling, axillary temperature above 38.5 ℃, physical cooling (warm water rubbing bath or warm water bath) plus the use of drugs to reduce the temperature.
Axillary temperature of 38.5 ℃ or more using antipyretic drugs is not absolute, but also refer to the baby’s general performance, if the child is in good spirits can eat and play, can not need to use; if the value measured during the chills, it means that the temperature is likely to continue to rise, it is necessary to consider whether to use antipyretic drugs according to the baby’s situation at the time and your past experience in care.
5.Baby fever, the family does not allow bathing, can warm water wipe the whole body? Do I need to pay attention to anything?
When the weather is cold, use warm water to wipe the bath, simply put, use a warm wet towel of about 37℃ to wipe the whole body including the baby’s forehead and face. The principle of fever reduction is to let the blood vessels of the skin expand, so that the body temperature is distributed, and the evaporation of water vapor left on the body after the warm wet towel wipe will also take away part of the body heat. Infants and children have a large body surface area, and warm baths are more effective at reducing fever than adults and older children. Some studies have shown that the efficacy of combining warm water baths with antipyretic drugs to reduce fever is more effective than drug cooling alone. When the weather is warm, you can choose to give your baby a warm bath directly, with the focus on controlling the water temperature, which should preferably be kept between 37 and 40 degrees Celsius (this value is higher than the AAP’s recommendation, as lower water temperatures can be uncomfortable considering the increase in body temperature during fever, so parents can use their discretion).
Whether to use physical cooling specific please refer to the performance and care focus of the 3 phases of fever (chills – hyperthermia – fever reduction).
6.Does it matter if the baby’s temperature drops to 36 degrees all of a sudden after taking medicine for fever?
If, after the use of drugs, accompanied by a lot of sweating, the body temperature drops rapidly to significantly lower than the normal body temperature, usually because of the use of antipyretic drugs in large doses, or the joint use of other antipyretic drugs or hormonal drugs. At this time, it is necessary to keep the child warm, especially the end parts of the extremities. The room temperature can be adjusted appropriately, and if necessary, insulation measures such as warm water bags can be used to ensure that the child will not be burned; at the same time, warm water and juice should be provided to the child to replenish the large amount of water and electrolytes lost. Usually after the above treatment, the body temperature will gradually return to normal, if the little baby (or) accompanied by poor spirit, poor response, should do the above measures at the same time promptly seek medical attention.
7.Baby has no appetite for fever and cough lately, only willing to eat milk, not even water, what should I pay attention to in diet? Some people say that eating meat is not digestible when you are sick, while others say that there is no resistance if you don’t eat meat, so can you eat meat or eggs?
Whether it is fever, diarrhea, vomiting, or cough, runny …… During illness, the child’s digestive system function is weakened, the diet should be given to the child easy to accept easily digestible nutritious food, the following principles can be referred to (unless the disease has special contraindications).
(1) Liquid and semi-liquid foods should be given priority. Both children and adults generally prefer liquid foods to regular foods during illness. Smaller children who have not started complementary foods should drink as much milk as possible; babies in the complementary food stage can increase the intake of plain water and rice porridge in addition to milk; older children can increase the intake of light soups in addition to the above.
(2) Foods that can prevent dehydration should be given priority. Increase the intake of fresh fruits and vegetables as appropriate. You can make fruit and vegetable puree or even fruit and vegetable juice according to the baby’s needs. Babies usually don’t like oral ORS liquids, so freshly squeezed apple juice can be used instead to prevent dehydration or mild dehydration (note that it is not commercially available juice!). . For moderate dehydration and above, seek medical attention as soon as possible and the doctor will take the necessary rehydration measures.
(3) Nutritious foods that your child likes should be given priority. It is especially important to respect your child’s appetite when his or her appetite is reduced due to illness. Give up giving your child foods that you think are nutritious but that he does not want to eat, or if he only wants to drink some milk and eat a little banana.
(4) Do not try to continue adding new complementary foods during illness. The digestive system is weakened during illness, and the body may also be in a highly allergic state, when new foods can easily trigger allergies and other diseases.
(5) Eat smaller and more frequent meals, and avoid eating large amounts of food and foods that are not easily digested. Most diseases do not require additional special food supplements, and it is time to let the digestive system take a proper rest and adjust.
(6) Do not force your child to eat, even if he or she has not eaten for twenty-four hours. Your child will eat according to his or her needs, and his or her appetite will gradually improve once he or she recovers from the disease. In fact, the child will recover from the disease for a period of time to make up for the missed “meals” during the disease, that is, the child will recover from the disease soon after, to regain the nutrition lost before.
8, baby sick feeding difficult how to solve?
Give medicine when the baby is in a good mood and not very full.
Most oral medications can be mixed with (warm) water and bananas, not with boiling water and mineral water, and some medications are not suitable for mixing with fruit juice, milk, yogurt, etc.; do not mix medications in baby’s milk powder, porridge and other foods, so as not to hate the food because you hate the medication.
If it is determined in advance that a certain food and drink can be mixed, it can only be mixed in a very small amount, and the amount of mixing cannot be eaten in a large amount, so it is impossible to take in enough medicine.
If feeding medication with a dropper, medicine dispenser or small spoon, insert it into the baby’s mouth at an appropriate depth to avoid spitting out the medication.
If feeding with a measuring cup, add the right amount of water to the residual medication at the bottom of the measuring cup, and then let your baby drink it all.
If the baby feels that the syrup agent is too sweet, you can add water (not boiling water or mineral water) to dilute it properly.
You can give some water to rinse the mouth after feeding the medicine.
For children who understand a little, try to communicate patiently with the child, get his cooperation when feeding the medicine, and clearly tell the child that he is taking the medicine so as not to lay a hidden problem for misuse of the medicine in the future.
The choice of dosage form for oral medications for children can be referred to the United States, where clinicians usually divide children into three stages according to their age.
Stage I, children under 2 weeks of age, are not allowed to use over-the-counter medications on their own and must be medicated under the guidance of a physician, using aqueous formulations for oral medications.
Stage 2, children between the ages of 2 and 5 years, where oral medications are also basically administered in aqueous form.
Stage 3, for children 6 to 12 years of age, oral medications may be some pills or tablets in addition to water.
In either stage it is not recommended to give children unnecessary injections and infusions for treatment.
9. Under what circumstances do I need to see a doctor for a cold and cough?
Infants under 3 months of age must see a doctor for a cough; older infants and children also need to consult a doctor immediately in the following cases: severe cough or even dyspnea, which is manifested by rapid or slow breathing, murmurs in breathing, increased activity of the respiratory muscles between the ribs, under the sternum and on the clavicle (i.e. trismus), nasal flapping, cyanosis of the lips and nasolabial folds and the ends of the fingers and toes, and coughing or deep breathing that may be accompanied by chest pain. Some severe coughs that are not cured for a long time must also be distinguished from cough variant asthma, upper airway cough syndrome, mycoplasma infection, etc.
10. My baby had a fever from a previous viral infection, and the cough did not go away for more than two weeks afterwards.
Most pneumonia is caused by viral infections, such as respiratory syncytial virus, influenza virus, parainfluenza virus, adenovirus, etc. Some are caused by bacterial infections, such as pneumococcus, Haemophilus influenzae, staphylococcus, etc. In recent years, there has been an increase in pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.
Pneumonia is not a “burn” or a “cough”. Fever and cough are only some of the symptoms of pneumonia, not the cause of pneumonia. Fever and cough are only some of the symptoms of pneumonia, not the cause of it. Inflammation in any part of the respiratory system can cause fever and cough, so fever and cough are not necessarily pneumonia. Not all upper respiratory tract infections will evolve into pneumonia. The common cold does not easily turn into pneumonia. Children with other diseases that weaken immune system function or respiratory system function, such as congenital heart disease, are at higher risk.