Glioma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults, and the survival of glioma patients is a common concern among clinicians (neurosurgery, radiotherapy and medical oncology, etc.), patients, and patients’ families, etc. However, there are different statements and it is difficult to find exact reference data. The general survival predictions for patients with glioma are summarized in the following table, taking into account the progress of clinical treatment of glioma and the latest international treatment guidelines for glioma (2014 ESMO). In particular, it should be emphasized that the above survival is for reference only. Patient survival is also affected by the patient’s age, functional status, tumor site, molecular typing of the tumor, whether total tumor resection was performed, whether adjuvant therapy such as radiotherapy was administered, radiotherapy regimen and total dose, chemotherapy regimen used (drug, course, cycle, etc.), whether cellular immunotherapy was used, whether the tumor was reoperated or taken after recurrence/progression, etc. Since the extent of surgical resection of gliomas with poorly defined borders has a significant impact on patient survival and is an important factor in determining the effectiveness of radiotherapy, neurosurgeons should improve the rate of complete resection of gliomas by using the latest technology. Our center adopts the latest international surgical microscope Pentero 900 with YELLOW 560 special module to perform microsurgical resection of malignant glioma under the fluorescence guidance of sodium fluorescein, which can realize the yellow fluorescence of the tumor but not the normal brain tissue during the operation, thus achieving the precise surgical resection of malignant glioma under the surgical microscope while effectively protecting the normal brain tissue around the tumor. It can significantly increase the rate of complete tumor resection, prolong the survival and improve the quality of life of patients.