The etiology of pediatric mental retardation is complex, with genetic and environmental factors being the main ones.
Genetic factors include chromosomal abnormalities, copy number abnormalities and genetic abnormalities.
Environmental factors can be divided into prenatal and postnatal environmental factors. Prenatal environmental factors include infections during pregnancy, exposure to harmful physical and chemical substances, maternal diseases and delivery emergencies, such as umbilical cord entanglement, premature birth and obstructed labor. Psychosocial factors such as lack of cultural education or social interaction, poor family life environment, etc.
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