The risk factors for stroke are complex and diverse, such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, atrial fibrillation, poor lifestyle habits (smoking, alcohol consumption, diet and nutrition), overweight and obesity, physical inactivity, hyperhomocysteine, transient ischemic attack, and severe stenosis of the internal carotid artery.
In addition, stenosis and occlusion of intracranial and external arteries, cerebral artery embolism, hemodynamic factors, hematological factors, inflammation, infection, lupus erythematosus, nodular aortitis, and rheumatoid arthritis may promote cerebral infarction; while aneurysm, cerebral artery malformation, and trauma may trigger cerebral hemorrhage.
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