The following is an introduction to the assessment tools for swallowing disorders. You can do regular tests at home for the elderly to detect problems early. The first method: repeated saliva swallowing test is a method to assess the function of swallowing reflex triggering. The procedure is as follows: The patient is seated, and the examiner places a finger on (do not pinch) the patient’s laryngeal node and hyoid bone, and observes the number and motility of swallowing within 30 seconds. Three swallows within 30 seconds are sufficient for senior patients. Patients with dysphagia generally have difficulty with the next swallowing movements even if the first swallowing movement is completed successfully, or the larynx descends before it is fully elevated. For patients who are unable to follow instructions due to impaired consciousness or cognitive impairment, it is difficult to perform the repeated saliva swallowing test. In this case, cold massage can be done in the mouth and pharynx to observe the swallowing situation and the time required for swallow initiation. The second method: the drinking test is performed as follows: first, let the patient drink 30ml of water as usual, then observe and record the drinking time, the presence or absence of choking, and the drinking condition for evaluation. 1.Drink it all at once without choking and coughing; (1) drink it all within 5 seconds; (2) drink it all in more than 5 seconds. 2.Drink it in two or more times without choking cough; 3.Drink it once with choking cough; 4.Drink it twice or more with choking cough; 5.Choking cough occurs several times and cannot finish the water. Normal: including 1 (1); Suspicious: including 1 (2), 2; Abnormal: including 3, 4, 5. The drinking test can not only observe the patient’s drinking, but also be used as a screening criterion for whether swallowing angiography can be performed. Of course, these two tests are for reference only. When you notice any suspected signs of dysphagia in yourself or your family, please seek medical attention promptly and your doctor will perform a more precise examination for you. In order to properly evaluate the swallowing function and understand whether there is a possibility of misophagy and the period of misophagy, video swallowing imaging, endoscopy, ultrasound and swallowing pressure test can be used. Among them, video swallowing angiography is the most reliable method of misopharyngeal evaluation.