The abdominal pain that occurs during menstruation is called dysmenorrhea, which is divided into primary and secondary dysmenorrhea and occurs at a time closely related to menstruation. It is mainly located before or after menstruation or during menstruation, and the pain is located in the lower abdomen, which is caused by the strong contraction of the uterus due to the secretion of prostaglandins. If you get cold at this time, it may cause spasm and contraction of the smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal tract, which can aggravate the process of dysmenorrhea and even affect work and study. Dysmenorrhea in women of childbearing age is primary dysmenorrhea, without organic changes, and can be gradually reduced with age, mainly through pain relief and symptomatic treatment. However, dysmenorrhea in older women may be secondary dysmenorrhea, mainly caused by endometriosis or endometrial implantation in the abdominal cavity, and the shedding of endometrium during menstruation may also cause local inflammatory reactions, damage and cause pain. Patients are advised to go to a specialized gynecological hospital for examination of the endometrium or vaginal endoscopy to further clarify the diagnosis of primary or secondary dysmenorrhea to avoid any missed diagnosis or misdiagnosis.