Atrial septal defect is a type of congenital heart disease, which is caused by maternal exposure to radioactive substances during pregnancy, or local soil, air, or water pollution, which can cause heart malformations during fetal development. In case of congenital atrial septal defect, it is necessary to determine the location, size and type of congenital atrial septal defect through electrocardiogram and cardiac ultrasound to determine whether there are other comorbidities. After these tests have been performed, different treatment options are available depending on the treatment plan. There are two ways to treat atrial septal defects: 1) interventional blocking and repair, and 2) open-heart repair of the defect using a pericardial patch, both of which can lead to a radical cure.