Testicular torsion, also known as spermatic cord torsion, is a common urological scrotal emergency that occurs in newborns, young children and adults.
Adolescents aged 12 to 18 years are the most frequent age group for this disease, and it is the main cause of loss of the affected testis in men of this age group. Some data show that the testicular salvage rate is 83% for those who reset within 5 hours after the onset of testicular torsion, and only 2O% for those who save the testis for more than 10 hours. A rapid and accurate diagnosis can help a lot in the choice of clinical treatment plan and prognosis. Some clinicians, especially non-urosurgical clinicians, are not sufficiently aware of the disease, and the misdiagnosis rate is extremely high, often being misdiagnosed as acute orchitis, epididymitis, inguinal hernia, etc. There are two basic elements to save a torsional testicle: First, the patient should be seen in time. The second is prompt and correct diagnosis and management by the first physician. Therefore, on the one hand, we should pay attention to the publicity and education of male adolescents about the health knowledge of testicular torsion. On the other hand, clinicians are required to raise awareness of the disease, perform careful physical examinations and timely relevant imaging examinations for correct early diagnosis and management. Testicular torsion has a rapid onset, mostly during sleep, with severe pain in one testicle and scrotum. The pain is initially confined to the scrotum, but later develops in the lower abdomen and perineum, accompanied by vomiting, nausea or fever, and redness, swelling and pressure pain in the pubic area. 1. Sudden onset of severe pain in the abdomen. 2. Severe pain in the testicles. 3.The testicle with torsion appears to be higher in the scrotum than the normal testicle. 4.The child may experience nausea and vomiting. 5.A few hours after the symptoms appear, the scrotum will be red, swollen and painful to touch. The clinical manifestations of testicular torsion are mainly pain and swelling. If it occurs in a pediatric patient, it is often more difficult to diagnose. The pediatric patient will have unexplained anorexia, restlessness, and the condition usually develops quickly.