1. Head deformation
In newborns delivered by normal labor, the top of the head of the first exposed part will be squeezed by the birth canal, causing local edema and the formation of a birth tumor, and the head of a newborn with a birth tumor will show a high pointed top. Newborns delivered by cesarean section have no compression of the head and rarely develop neoplasms.
Hematomas are formed when the blood vessels under the skull rupture and pool due to compression of the birth canal during delivery. The difference between a cranial hematoma and a neoplasm is that the neoplasm is well-defined and does not extend beyond the bone suture.
2, peeling skin
As long as the baby’s diet and sleep are fine, it is normal. Peeling is due to the incomplete development of the uppermost layer of the baby’s skin keratin, easy to shed, some overdue children will also appear flaking. The phenomenon of peeling may occur in all parts of the body, but the limbs, behind the ears is more obvious, bathing should be made to fall off naturally, to the baby to use professional massage products, do not forcibly peel off the skin. However, if the peeling skin is accompanied by redness or blisters and other symptoms, it is necessary to consult a doctor.
3.Limb flexion
Before the baby is born, due to the space limitations in the womb, most of the fetal movements are head to the chest, hands clasped to the chest, legs curled, palms clenched posture, which is the reason for a long time curled limbs, after birth, babies often have curled limbs, calves lightly bent, both arms lightly turned outward, palms clenched fists and other phenomena. Parents do not have to worry, these are temporary phenomena.
4, physiological weight loss
Newborn baby within a few days of birth, due to low intake, water loss, meconium discharge, and the amount of food is not formed regularly caused by weight loss, generally no more than 10%, 7-10 days to recover to the weight at birth. If the baby is born 10 days later, the weight still can not return to normal or drop too much, should go to the hospital, early detection of the problem, to give the appropriate treatment.
5.Physiological jaundice
Physiological jaundice mostly appears 2-3 days after birth with yellowing of the skin, mucous membranes and sclera, peaking on the 4th-6th day and receding on the 10th-14th day, mainly due to the sudden increase in partial pressure of blood oxygen after birth, the destruction of red blood cells quickly, producing more bilirubin and immature liver function and other metabolic characteristics of bilirubin in newborns.
6.Love to scratch the face
Newborn baby’s nervous system is not fully developed, can not control their hands and feet, so often appear to move hands and feet, accidentally hands to scratch the face, plus the baby’s skin is very delicate, if the baby’s nails are relatively long is likely to scratch their little face on a few scars. So you should always trim your baby’s nails in time, baby’s nails are very tiny and need to use special nail clippers for newborns. You can also put gloves on your baby, but wearing gloves will not allow your baby’s sense of touch to develop well, so you can do it occasionally.
7. Enlarged mammary glands
The body’s estrogen and prolactin content gradually increases during pregnancy and reaches its peak before delivery, the function of these hormones is to promote the development of the mother’s mammary glands and milk secretion. The fetus in the mother through the placenta is also affected by these hormones, so regardless of gender, the newborn 3-5 days after birth can occur slightly protruding chest, some even have a little milk secretion, commonly known as “newborn breast”, these are normal phenomena, generally after the birth of 2-3 weeks to subside, do not squeeze hard to prevent infection.
8, love hiccups
Newborn babies especially like hiccups, and often make hiccup sounds every now and then. Hiccups are completely caused by a medium. If your baby has hiccups, it would be better to drink some milk or warm water appropriately. There is also a folk remedy of playing the soles of your feet with your fingers, which your mother can also try. As long as the baby cries out, the hiccups will stop.
9. Female babies have vaginal bleeding and false leucorrhea
Female babies may see a small amount of vaginal bleeding and vaginal secretion of leucorrhea-like material within 1 week after birth. This is due to the late pregnancy maternal estrogen into the fetus, after the birth of estrogen influence suddenly interrupted, so that the uterus and vaginal epithelial tissue off, the formation of “false menstruation”. However, this bleeding is small, and will disappear after a few days.
10, jumping and jaw trembling
Due to the imperfect development of the baby’s nervous system, often after sleep, local muscle twitching phenomenon, especially the fingers or toes will gently twitch, or by a slight stimulation, such as bright light, sound or vibration, etc., showing hands open, and soon retracted, sometimes accompanied by crying “jumping” response. Similarly, the baby’s nervous system is not fully developed when the inhibitory function is poor, so there is often involuntary jerking of the chin, parents can not be nervous.
If you find that your new baby has abnormal temperature changes, eyes staring, trembling or blinking, mouth repeatedly chewing, sucking action, uneven breathing, skin bruising, facial muscle twitching and other symptoms, you should see a doctor as soon as possible.
11.Sneezing
Newborn babies often sneeze is not a cold phenomenon, because the baby’s nasal blood runs more vigorously, the nasal cavity is small and short, if there are outside tiny substances and lint, lint or dust, etc., they will stimulate the nasal mucosa to sneeze, which can also be considered as a way for the baby to clean the nasal cavity by itself instead of by hand. Since babies are very sensitive to light, they tend to sneeze when they open their glasses in the first few days after birth, which is due to the stimulation of the nose and eye meridians by the tube. They also sneeze when they suddenly encounter cold air. As long as the baby does not have a runny nose, is in a good mood and has no change in appetite, it is not a cold and can continue to be observed. See a doctor if your baby develops other discomforts such as skin bruising, coughing and rhinitis.
12, horse teeth and mantis mouth
Newborn babies often have a little bit of milky white particles on the dental bed, as few as 1-2, as many as dozens, commonly known as “horse teeth”. They are formed by the accumulation of epithelial cells and disappear on their own in a few weeks or months after birth. Newborns have a thick fat bulge on each side of the mouth, commonly known as the “mantis mouth”, which helps newborns and sucking. Do not wipe it with a cloth or pick it with a needle to avoid damaging the mucous membrane and causing infection.
13.Overflow of milk
The newborn’s stomach is horizontal, the pancreatic sphincter above the stomach is not well developed, the pyloric sphincter below the stomach is relatively well developed, the entrance is loose, the exit is tight, and the stomach capacity is small, so within a few months of birth, some babies will have more or less milk spillage, and it is difficult to avoid it completely.
Babies with a small amount of milk spillage at the corners of the mouth, as long as a small towel or gauze is used in time to deal with the clear, to avoid improper ventilation of the newborn, so that the milk chokes into the trachea, resulting in diseases such as aspiration pneumonia.
14, neonatal corn rash
Newborn corn rash is formed due to the accumulation of sebaceous glands, manifested as pinpoint-like, yellowish-white papules, mostly seen on the tip of the nose, nose forehead, chin and other places. Corn rash is not painful or itchy, and there are no other uncomfortable symptoms. Generally do not need treatment, pay attention to keep the skin clean, do not use your hands to squeeze.
15.Bruising on the buttocks
It is especially common in Mongolian race (yellow race), so it is called Mongolian spot. Mongolian spots are pigmentation appearing on the skin, the cause of which is not very clear at present, probably due to some melanocytes staying in the dermis during embryonic development and delaying their disappearance. It is usually blue-gray irregular and bruise-like, mainly on the buttocks. It may fade on its own without leaving a trace in early childhood at the age of 5-7 years and occasionally persists in adulthood or may even enlarge.