Trigeminal neuralgia occurs in middle-aged and elderly people and is a brief, recurrent, severe pain in the distribution of the facial trigeminal nerve that lasts for a few seconds or minutes. The interval between attacks is the same as normal. Trigeminal neuralgia can be divided into two types: secondary and primary. Secondary trigeminal neuralgia refers to facial pain caused by compression or irritation of the trigeminal nerve due to a clear cause, such as a tumor. For secondary trigeminal neuralgia, treatment is based on the principle of removing tumors and other causes. The more recognized pathogenesis of primary trigeminal neuralgia is caused by microvascular compression of the sensory root of the trigeminal nerve into the brainstem segment, that is, the microvascular compression theory of the nerve root. In patients with primary trigeminal neuralgia, “pseudosynapses” are formed between the nerve fibers of the trigeminal nerve roots, and some adjacent upstream or downstream non-painful stimuli are transmitted through the “pseudosynapses” to form pain sensations. The treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia includes medication (mainly carbamazepine), percutaneous trigeminal nerve root destruction methods (percutaneous radiofrequency ablation neurogenesis, glycerol nerve root block, balloon compression), gamma knife irradiation, microvascular decompression, etc. The principle of primary trigeminal neuralgia treatment generally chooses drug treatment first, after the effect of drug treatment becomes poor or serious complications can not continue drug treatment: if the heart and lung function can be, life expectancy is still long, generally choose microvascular decompression; if there is a major disease can not tolerate general anesthesia or advanced age (life expectancy is not long), can choose percutaneous trigeminal nerve root destruction method or gamma knife treatment. Microvascular decompression is a radical treatment for the cause of trigeminal neuralgia, and the theory of microvascular compression of trigeminal nerve roots is the theoretical basis of microvascular decompression. The method of microvascular decompression is: under general anesthesia, an incision is made behind the affected ear, within the hairline, and the skull is opened with a diameter of about 2-3 cm, followed by a microscopic operation: the area where the trigeminal nerve roots travel in the skull is explored, the arachnoid membrane around the trigeminal nerve is fully released, all the vessels that may produce compression on the trigeminal nerve roots are separated, and Teflon pads are inserted between these vessels and the adjacent brainstem, so that the responsible vessels ( The Teflon spacer is inserted between these vessels and the adjacent brainstem, isolating the responsible vessel (the vessel that is compressing the nerve and causing pain is called the “responsible vessel”) from the nerve root. In the vast majority of patients, the pain disappears immediately after surgery, and normal facial sensation and function are preserved. The vast majority of patients return to a normal postoperative state with no loss of quality of life. Microvascular decompression has the characteristics of minimally invasive, high safety, remarkable effect as well as low recurrence rate and low complication rate, especially it can completely preserve the function of trigeminal nerve, so microvascular decompression is the first choice treatment for primary trigeminal neuralgia with poor drug effect. Director Chen Yili reminded that although microvascular decompression is minimally invasive, it is a highly demanding operation with narrow and deep fields and operates near the brainstem, so there is still some risk involved in this operation.