With the continuous improvement of people’s living standard, more and more people have realized the truth that “if small hole is not filled, big hole will suffer”. Chen Weiliang reminds that if small cavities are not treated in time, the scope of cavities will become bigger and bigger. The smaller the cavity is, the better the treatment effect of filling is, but the treatment effect is relatively poor if the tooth defect is too big. Most of the cavities can recover the function of chewing and beauty to a certain extent after filling, but in some cases, the teeth still have painful symptoms after filling. Dr. Zhuang Peilin of the Department of Dentistry said, according to the nature of pain, the pain after filling can be roughly divided into excitation pain, occlusion pain and spontaneous pain, and the treatment methods are different for the pain caused by different reasons. Excitation pain, refers to the tooth’s transient pain of cold or hot stimulation after filling, but the pain does not last. The common clinical reason is that the pulp is filled with blood when the cavity is prepared to grind away the carious tooth, and can be observed if the symptoms are mild. If the symptom is relieved, it can be left untreated, if the symptom is not relieved or aggravated, the filling should be removed and refilled after pacifying treatment. Zhuang Peilin said, for moderate and severe caries damage directly filled with silver amalgam, resin directly or bedded with zinc phosphate mucilage can also provoke the pulp. Bite pain, which occurs when the teeth chew after filling, is not related to temperature stimulation. It is usually due to the high point of the filling after filling, and the early contact of the tooth when chewing causes periodontal tissue trauma. In this case, it is necessary to go to the hospital to be examined by the doctor to determine the early contact site of the tooth and adjust and grind the early contact point. This is because saliva as a conductive medium will link two metals with different potentials together to form a potential difference, resulting in electric current to stimulate the pulp, and the filling material should be replaced and refilled. Spontaneous pain, which refers to the spontaneous pain of the tooth after filling, can be divided into pulpal pain and periodontal pain. The clinical manifestation of endodontic spontaneous pain is paroxysmal, difficult to locate spontaneous pain, hot and cold temperature stimulation can induce or aggravate the pain, the possible reasons include tooth itself has caries and pulp, secondary caries, chronic stimulation of bad filling materials, etc. At this time, appropriate endodontic treatment methods should be selected according to the patient’s age and pulp condition, such as apical induction molding, root canal treatment, etc. Zhuang Peilin emphasized that the clinical manifestation of periodontal spontaneous pain is persistent, localizable spontaneous pain, which is not related to temperature stimulation, and chewing can aggravate the pain. The common causes include damage to the gums during filling surgery, overhanging fillings, and food embedding caused by poor adjacent relationship, etc. These factors can damage, stimulate or compress the gums, causing gum inflammation and periodontal spontaneous pain, and the corresponding treatment methods are: mild The corresponding treatments are: local rinsing and medication for mild gingivitis; removal of overhanging protrusions; refilling for poor adjacent relationships, and inlay or crown restoration when needed. It is worth mentioning that some patients have painful symptoms after filling, or the original painful symptoms do not improve significantly after filling, but the filled tooth is fine, Zhuang Peilin said, then, should consider whether the pain of other teeth is discharged to the tooth, that is, the patient has other focal teeth in the mouth besides the filled tooth, should be fully examined to prevent leakage, so as to treat the caries in time, avoid the condition from being prolonged, and maximize the protection of the tooth. In this way, we can treat the caries in time, avoid the prolongation of the disease and protect the tooth to the maximum extent.