Surgical treatments for cervical disc herniation include anterior approach surgery, posterior approach surgery and percutaneous minimally invasive techniques.
1. Anterior approach surgery: In general, for patients whose compression is located in the anterior part of the spinal canal, anterior approach surgery of the cervical spine should be chosen. This approach is less traumatic, less bleeding, and easy to reveal; the operation is direct and effective; it is conducive to restoring the height of the cervical intervertebral space, the physiological curvature of the cervical vertebrae and the internal diameter of the spinal canal; and the cervical vertebral surgical segments can be well stabilized.
2. Posterior approach surgery: Under the premise of minimizing the damage to the posterior cervical structures, posterior approach surgery can directly enlarge the spinal canal, directly relieve the compression of the spinal cord at the posterior side, and indirectly decompress the spinal cord at the anterior side through the posterior translation of the spinal cord. Posterior approach surgery is mainly used for cervical spondylosis patients with multisegmental spinal cord or combined spinal stenosis.
3. Percutaneous minimally invasive techniques: including percutaneous endoscopic cervical discectomy, percutaneous minimally invasive cervical disc radiofrequency ablation, percutaneous minimally invasive cervical disc laser decompression. The choice of surgical modality and access should be individualized, and adequate preoperative imaging evaluation is required to assist in the development of a surgical plan.
If the diagnosis of cervical disc herniation is confirmed, early and standardized treatment is recommended to minimize the adverse effects of the disease.