The type of HBV infection during pregnancy varies and should be managed accordingly. If a woman of childbearing age is a chronic hepatitis B patient, has indications for treatment, and plans to become pregnant in the near future, she can be treated with interferon because of its regular course (48 weeks) and its ability to reduce the disease. However, reliable contraception should be used during treatment. Should antiviral therapy be started if a patient with chronic hepatitis B is found to be pregnant and has an indication for treatment but has not been treated? Or if a person on antiviral therapy inadvertently becomes pregnant, should treatment be continued or discontinued immediately? The severity of liver inflammation and fibrosis in pregnant women should be assessed at this time. If the inflammation and fibrosis are mild, treatment may be started after delivery for prudence, but should be followed closely; if there is significant liver fibrosis, treatment should generally be continued because discontinuation of the drug may lead to hepatitis attacks or even liver failure, and the mother’s health may affect the fetus. To date, no anti-HBV drug has been approved for use in pregnant women. If an attack of hepatitis B occurs during pregnancy, the decision to give antiviral therapy should be made depending on the extent of the disease. LAM, LdT or TDF may be used for treatment if the patient is fully informed of the risks, the pros and cons are weighed, and the patient signs an informed consent form. If a pregnant woman is an HBV carrier with positive HBV DNA and serum markers but continues to have normal transaminases, treatment is not necessary but she should be closely followed. Their newborns should be given ≥100 IU of hepatitis B immunoglobulin and 10 μg of hepatitis B yeast recombinant vaccine immediately after birth. New studies have shown that oral NA in pregnant women in late pregnancy improves the rate of HBV maternal-infant blockade. However, these studies suffered from non-randomized grouping, small sample size, short follow-up period, high loss of follow-up, lack of virological breakthrough and drug resistance information, unclear timing of initiation of dosing and discontinuation, and no analysis of the relationship between maternal HBV level and blockade rate. Therefore, it was not recommended in the 2010 edition of the Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B in China.