Synovial membrane: Many large joints in the human body are synovial joints (e.g., shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee, ankle, etc.). These joints have normal synovial membranes, which secrete joint fluid to lubricate the joints, and also help to cleanse the joints of impurities and purify them. The synovial membrane is directly related to the function of the joints. Damage to the synovium can directly lead to joint pathology. Synovitis: Synovial membrane is irritated or damaged, resulting in an inflammatory reaction, synovial hyperplasia, increased secretion of exudate, resulting in joint swelling and fluid accumulation, and in severe cases, redness and heat in the joints and severe pain. Causes of synovitis: infections (bacterial, viral, fungal, etc.), trauma, immune diseases (rheumatoid, ankylosing spondylitis, etc.), joint degeneration (inflammatory factor stimulation), etc. Diagnosis of synovitis: joint swelling and fluid accumulation, synovial hyperplasia can be diagnosed as synovitis. However, the diagnosis of synovitis alone is not clinically helpful or meaningful. The key is that the causative agent must be found. If it is an infection, the infection must be fought. If it is rheumatoid, anti-rheumatoid drugs must be applied. And so on. However, in clinical practice, the cause of synovitis cannot be found in some patients and can only be treated according to the doctor’s experience, and the efficacy is difficult to guarantee. Treatment of synovitis: 1. Treatment of the cause: If the cause is clear, treatment should be directed at the cause. Antibiotics should be used for bacterial infections. Those with immune diseases should be treated with anti-immune therapy. This is the key measure to cure the disease. 2. Symptomatic treatment: Reduce the inflammatory response. In the acute stage, joint activities should be reduced to ease the burden on the joints. If the swelling is serious, joint puncture and fluid extraction can be performed, and medication can be given at the same time. Those with red and hot joints should undergo cold therapy (ice packs). Oral and topical anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs (e.g. Fotarine, Fenbuterol, Anti-inflammatory pain, Cialis, etc.) can be used. 3, a small number of patients with conservative treatment does not work, you can consider surgery. Joint irrigation and irrigation or arthroscopic synovial debridement can be performed.