Hyperthyroidism is an endocrine disease caused by excessive thyroid hormones. Patients with hyperthyroidism have sympathetic nerve excitation and accelerated metabolism, which consume a large amount of caloric substances in the body, accelerating the decomposition of proteins, fats, and glycogen in the body and generating more calories. At the same time, it can be accompanied by goiter, protruding eyes, panic, increased bowel movement, diarrhea, menstrual disorders, and nervousness, impatience, nervousness and other neurological and psychiatric symptoms. The following is a description of what patients with hyperthyroidism need to pay attention to in terms of diet. 1, the supply of high calorie diet Because of the disease metabolic rate increases, oxidation process accelerated, the consumption of heat energy also increased, protein decomposition, fat metabolism also increased, so the diet should pay attention to increase carbohydrate food, can eat more than 500 grams of staple food every day, in order to meet the body of the ultra-high metabolism on the demand for heat energy. Generally, the amount of food should be increased by 50%~70% compared with normal people, but should avoid eating too much at one time, and increase the frequency of meals, in addition to three meals in the morning, midday and evening, and can be appropriate to add meals 2~3 times. 2, the supply of adequate protein hyperthyroidism patients higher than normal protein needs, should be 1.2-2.0 grams per kilogram of body weight per day, and pay attention to the selection of high physiological value of protein, such as lean meat, milk, soybean products and so on. Can choose more soy products, avoid eating too much animal protein, so as not to stimulate the metabolism. 3, the supply of vitamins and minerals rich in vitamins and minerals to regulate physiological function, improve the body metabolism is very necessary, vitamin B12 has an inhibitory effect on the function of the thyroid gland. Foods rich in vitamin A, vitamin C and B should be used, such as animal liver, carrots, green vegetables and fruits. Due to the acceleration of calcium and phosphorus transit, in order to prevent osteoporosis and pathological fracture, especially for patients whose symptoms cannot be controlled for a long time or who have diarrhea, foods rich in calcium and phosphorus can be chosen, such as milk, nuts, eel and so on. When combined with low potassium periodic paralysis, use foods rich in potassium, such as bananas, spinach and so on. Hyperthyroidism, due to increased intestinal peristalsis, zinc absorption is reduced, sweating can also lead to zinc loss, can choose lean beef, beans, etc. to supplement zinc. If necessary, oral vitamin preparations and calcium preparations. 4, avoid iodine-containing foods such as kelp, seaweed, marine fish, marine shrimp and other seafood. Iodine is the raw material for synthesizing thyroxine, and within a certain dosage range, the more iodine intake, the more thyroxine synthesis, so high iodine diet may aggravate the condition. 5, do not eat easy to cause excitement of food such as strong tea, coffee, etc., quit smoking and alcohol. In addition, patients should set up confidence to overcome the disease, contact the mental burden, pay attention to rest, and cooperate with the systematic medication, in order to get well soon. Dietary precautions for hypothyroid patients Hypothyroidism is a generalized low metabolic syndrome caused by hypothyroidism or thyroid hormone resistance due to various reasons. The disease starts slowly, early symptoms are not obvious, patients often do not know the onset of time, began to appear cold, fatigue, easy to fatigue, weight gain, memory loss, slow reaction, sleepiness, depression, constipation, bloating, menstruation, not chest tightness, shortness of breath, facial puffiness, heart rate slowed down and other symptoms. 1, supplement the appropriate amount of iodine domestic usually use 20 grams of potassium iodide per kilogram of salt blending, in order to prevent and control the goiter caused by hypothyroidism, so that its incidence rate is significantly reduced, this iodized salt is extremely suitable for endemic goiter endemic areas. In the diet of patients with hypothyroidism, it is important to use foods with high iodine content. Foods of marine origin are organic foods naturally rich in iodine, with seafood being the highest, such as kelp, seaweed, marine fish, marine shrimp and so on. It can also be ingested from iodized seasonings and iodized foods. But because iodine is very volatile, iodized salt should not be exposed to sunlight, cooking iodized salt should not be put in too early. 2, the supply of adequate protein The amount of high-quality protein needed per person per day is at least 1 gram per kilogram of body weight. Once there is a decrease in protein, it is necessary to supplement the necessary amino acids and supply sufficient protein to improve the condition. Patients with hypothyroidism should consume more eggs, dairy, meat, and pay attention to the complementarity of plant protein and animal protein. 3, limit the fat, cholesterol intake fat is the body supply of heat energy and help fat-soluble vitamin absorption of substances. When suffering from hypothyroidism, plasma cholesterol elimination is slow, so the concentration rises. Therefore, should limit the intake of fat, cholesterol, do not eat meat, animal offal, egg yolks, cream, etc.; eat less animal oil, you can choose more unsaturated fatty acids, olive oil, sunflower oil, peanut oil, rapeseed oil and so on. 4, supplement rich vitamins and dietary fiber rich vitamins to regulate the body’s physiological functions have a positive effect, so it must be supplied sufficiently, especially the B vitamins, can promote metabolism. In addition, vitamin C has the role of detoxification, can reduce the toxic side effects of drugs, and increase the body’s resistance; wheat germ oil (natural vitamin E) on the whole body of the blood vessels have a maintenance role, can protect blood vessels, provide nutrition, prevent coronary heart disease, muscle weakness have a certain role in regulating; in order to correct constipation, the dietary fiber supply should be sufficient. Crude grains, fresh vegetables and fruits are rich in vitamins and dietary fiber, can try to choose. In addition, garlic has to promote the metabolism of substances, enhance immunity, anti-atherosclerosis effect, can reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease, eat more garlic also helps to alleviate the condition. 5, avoid using goiter-causing substances Avoid eating cabbage, radish, cassava, soybeans, peanuts, walnuts, etc., so as not to cause goiter, in addition to drinking water in the calcium, fluoride content is also easy to cause goiter. Drugs that are likely to cause goiter should also be avoided, such as thiouracil, thiocyanate, sodium para-aminosalicylate, thiamine, prednisone, potassium perchlorate.