Colds, or upper respiratory infections, are mainly caused by viral infections, but can also be combined with bacterial infections, and are therefore mainly treated with antiviral or antibiotic medications and symptomatic support. In winter, when the weather is cold and the air is relatively dry, viruses and bacteria can invade when the body’s immune system is low. When the autoimmune system is not strong enough to fight pathogenic bacteria, medication is needed. The symptoms of bacterial and viral infections are very similar and need to be differentiated from bacterial or viral infections depending on their blood leukocyte levels. For those who do not have high blood leukocytes, viral infections can be treated with antiviral drugs such as oseltamivir, or Chinese medicines such as antiviral pellets, while also paying attention to symptomatic treatment such as drinking more water and rest to promote recovery. In addition to antibiotics such as amoxicillin and azithromycin, if there is fever, antipyretic and analgesic drugs such as aspirin should be taken, and those with pus sputum should also take amiloride hydrochloride to promote sputum discharge. Winter is prone to influenza, so it is important to drink more water, take rest, and do proper physical exercise to improve the immunity of the body to prevent the invasion of bacteria and viruses. Once you have a cold, you should consult your doctor to choose the right medication to control the further development of the cold.