March 3 is the National Ear Day, in China, ear diseases are very common, the common middle ear infections in adults incidence rate is 1%, in children incidence rate is 2-10%, in recent years, due to the aging of the population, environmental noise pollution, accidents and other causes of hearing loss gradually increased, more serious binaural severe or very severe deafness of the population is also very large, the latest treatment shows that China’s existing hearing disabled 27.8 million, including about 137,000 hearing-impaired children aged 0-6, 84% of those with severe hearing impairment or above, and 23,000 newborn children with hearing disability every year. There are many causes of deafness, such as genetics, diseases (mumps, influenza, scarlet fever, diphtheria, typhoid, syphilis, meningitis, diabetes, autoimmune system diseases), trauma, etc. In addition, deafness can be caused by gas poisoning, noise, and lack of oxygen at birth. The most common ototoxic drugs include gentamicin, streptomycin, kanamycin, gentamicin, minomycin, erythromycin, and other antibiotics. There are also salicylic acid preparations, strong diuretics such as tachyphylaxis, and anti-malarial drugs such as quinine and chloroquine. How to protect hearing: 1. Avoid all kinds of noise. Long-term in the noise environment, easy to lead to hearing aging. If you create a quieter work, study and living environment, you can reduce the adverse effects of noise on hearing. 2, avoid excessive mood swings, causing spasms and contractions of capillaries throughout the body, resulting in a serious slowdown of the blood flow in the inner ear auditory vessels and the occurrence of microcirculatory disorders, thus causing the inner ear auditory nerve to become hypoxic and leading to sudden deafness. 3. Avoid digging your ears. Do not dig your ears with unclean sticks or hairpins to prevent damage to the tympanic membrane deep in the ear canal, which can cause traumatic tympanic membrane perforation and purulent otitis media, resulting in different degrees of hearing loss. 4. Avoid using ototoxic drugs. Such as streptomycin, gentamicin, kanamycin, neomycin, quinine and its derivatives, etc. to avoid the occurrence of drug toxic deafness. Infants and young children should even be prohibited from using these drugs. 5. Avoid the influence of high air pressure around the ear. For example, when participating in sports such as swimming and diving, be careful not to let your ears touch the water first; when you encounter firecrackers, you should be 3 meters away from the scene or cover your ears with your hands; you should not hit people’s ears with your palms, etc. All these are to protect the tympanic membrane in the ear from traumatic deafness caused by the stimulation of air pressure. 6. Eat less high-fat food. High concentration of cholesterol in the blood causes atherosclerosis of the blood vessel walls. The hardening of blood vessels makes the blood supply to the inner ear decrease and the hearing organs become malnourished, resulting in hearing loss or deafness. 7. Actively treat colds. This is because a cold can affect the degree of ventilation of the Eustachian tube (the tube from the pharynx to the middle ear cavity). In addition, if you blow your nose improperly, the germs in your nose will accidentally enter the middle ear cavity, which can easily cause septic infection in the middle ear and affect your hearing. 8. Avoid using the “Walkman” for a long time. The high volume of the audio sound causes fatigue and damage to the auditory organs, resulting in hearing loss and even deafness.