In 2010, Professor Lars Lidgren, Chair of the UN Decade of Bone and Joint Global Health Education Program and Head of Orthopaedics at Lander University Hospital in Sweden, stated that osteoarthritis is currently the fourth leading cause of health problems in women, and the eighth leading cause in men. Joint diseases such as osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis are affecting the lives of hundreds of millions of people worldwide. And this number will increase rapidly over the next 20 years, with the number of people over the age of 65 doubling. The pain and dysfunction of osteoarthritis leads to a loss of workforce that is comparable to, if not greater than, cardiovascular and other diseases. Factors such as obesity increase the incidence of bone and joint disease. Although joint diseases are not fatal, they cause long-term pain, and in severe cases, loss of work capacity, inability to take care of oneself, and even disability, which greatly affects people’s quality of life. The World Health Organization has identified it as “the number one disease with the highest rate of disability”. Rheumatoid arthritis has been called the “undead cancer”. To avoid this situation, the UN Decade of Bone and Joint Global Health Education Program states that we should do the following: 1. For patients with severe joint disease, artificial joint replacement is the most successful surgical treatment known. Which patients are suitable for joint replacement? Joint replacement has now evolved to a fairly high level in both surgical technique and prosthetic materials and design. Almost all joints can be replaced, including not only the six major joints of the hip, knee, ankle, shoulder, elbow and wrist, but also smaller joints such as the interphalangeal (toe) joints of the hand and foot. Generally speaking, joint replacement should be considered whenever there is damage to the anatomical structure of a joint, resulting in pain and dysfunction, and when conservative treatment has not had a significant effect. The most common ones are such as severe osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, traumatic arthritis, advanced femoral head necrosis, joint destruction due to ankylosing spondylitis, and hip dysplasia or dislocation, as well as older patients with displaced femoral neck fractures and other trauma patients. However, acute infectious inflammation of the joint is an absolute contraindication to joint replacement.