HPV infection is only a sign that a virus has infected the patient’s cervix. If this virus infects the patient for a long time and invades the patient’s cervical epithelium, it may lead to cervical cancer or pre-cancerous lesions. However, a significant number of patients, despite being infected with the virus, are able to destroy it or “coexist” with it due to their own resistance, so not all patients infected with the virus will necessarily develop cervical cancer. Therefore, there is an important principle, “treat the disease, not the virus”. Surgical treatment is required only when HPV infection has serious consequences, i.e. cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (moderate or severe) or has progressed to cervical cancer. Simple viral infections do not require surgical treatment. It is usually sufficient to pay attention to sexual hygiene, menstrual hygiene, immune system improvement or local vaginal medication. Have regular TCT and repeat HPV test if necessary.