Pain-free childbirth is the hallmark of modern civilized obstetrics. Pain in childbirth is an objective fact of human history and has a physiological and psychological basis. Mankind has always sought to find ways to make childbirth safe and painless for women. Labor analgesia has been studied for more than a century, and it is the responsibility of the physician to provide this service. Childbirth is the process of reproduction, and a pain-free birth is the right of every woman and her baby. The mother has the right to a safe and happy delivery, and the fetus has the right to be protected and treated well during the process. Pain-free childbirth improves the safety of the mother and child during labor to varying degrees. Labor analgesia shortens the duration of labor, reduces the rate of cesarean section and postpartum hemorrhage, improves placental blood flow, and reduces fetal hypoxia and neonatal asphyxia. The highest principle of painless delivery is to maintain the safety of mother and fetus. The general complications of epidural labor analgesia, such as hypotension and headache, are relatively mild, and serious life-threatening complications are relatively rare. The common adverse effects are the effect on the labor process and the effect on the placental blood supply. Hypotension is the main factor affecting the blood flow to the placenta. However, the effect is not significant when the drug concentration is reduced to a certain level (i.e. regular concentration). The concentration of drugs used in painless delivery is much lower than the dose of anesthesia used in general surgery, such as cesarean section, and the doctor is rarely asked about the effect of anesthetic drugs on the fetus when a woman chooses to have a cesarean section. The amount of drugs absorbed through the placenta is minimal and does not adversely affect the fetus, let alone the brain health of the baby.