With the liberalization of the national “separate two-child” policy, many couples have the idea of having a second child, but suffer from infertility, looking at the growing age, the mood is distressed. The company’s main goal is to provide a comprehensive range of products and services to the public. In fact, at present, there are few people who are troubled by infertility, and some of them are even affected by infertility, which affects the relationship between husband and wife and mother-in-law and daughter-in-law, and casts a shadow on a harmonious family. How to say goodbye to infertility, the formation of a harmonious and successful small family? Recently, the reporter interviewed Zhang Rongling, director of the Reproductive Health Department of Weifang Maternal and Child Health Hospital. Note: Director Zhang, please first explain to us what infertility is and how to do advance prevention? Zhang Rongling: At present, the time standard for defining infertility has been advanced from two years to one year, that is, without contraception, couples who live together and have regular sex for one year still cannot get pregnant are called “infertility”. According to statistics, the incidence of infertility is increasing year by year, and some studies have reported that the incidence of infertility in China is 10%, which is mainly due to the accelerated pace of people’s lives, the openness of sex, the increase in mental stress, as well as diet, environmental pollution and infectious diseases. We suggest that it is best to do a comprehensive and standardized eugenics pre-conception examination before having children, with the male partner checking semen and the female doing a routine gynecological examination, and couples of childbearing age establishing their own fertility plan as early as possible. If you have not been pregnant for more than one year with your first child and more than six months with your second child, you should go to the reproductive health department of a regular hospital earlier to get checked. First determine which part of the problem is troubling fertility, after which the doctor will take appropriate treatment measures. This is because age is one of the best predictors of fertility, the best fertility age for women is 25-28 years old, over 30 years old women’s ovarian function begins to show a declining trend, 35-40 years old decline is more obvious, after 40 years old fertility is extremely obvious decline, 40-45 years old The fertility rate of women between the ages of 40 and 45 is 10-20%, and only 1% to 2% of women can conceive naturally after the age of 45. In order to be thorough and prudent, we recommend that both men and women visit the hospital for a mutual fertility assessment. The first-line tests for infertility include a semen test for the male partner for 2 to 7 days of abstinence, a pelvic examination for the female, an endocrine check on the second to third day of menstruation, an ultrasound to check the number of sinus follicles in the ovaries of the female partner, and an ultrasound for the male partner. The purpose of these examinations is to exclude genital organ lesions, such as uterine fibroids, ovarian tumors, endometrial polyps, etc., and to exclude male genital lesions on the male side, while mainly understanding the quantity and quality of sperm and eggs. Second-line tests include tubal imaging 3 to 7 days after menstruation to check whether the “tubes” carrying the “seeds” and embryos are open or not; hysteroscopic endometrial examination to check the “ground” where the seeds will be sown The hysteroscopic endometrial exam is to check the “ground” where the seeds will be planted – the endometrium. These tests are sometimes painful and invasive, but they are necessary, and these relatively simple tests also have a therapeutic effect, allowing mild tubal adhesions to be opened, post-operative anti-inflammatory and anti-infective treatment with some herbal medicines, and over a year of no pregnancy, these tests are necessary. Many infertility patients do not want to have problems deep down, so they may go looking for some prescriptions, hoping to use Chinese medicine or exercise to adjust their bodies properly, taking oral Chinese medicine for two or three years, thinking that they feel better mentally and their fertility status is better. Don’t take a wrong turn because of these misconceptions and delay the best age to treat infertility. Note: What should we do if we have infertility and what treatments are currently available? Zhang Rongling: We can say for sure that 80% to 90% of infertility patients can get pregnant without IVF after professional guidance and treatment by reproductive health doctors. As a professional reproductive health department and a specialized infertility treatment and examination department, the Reproductive Health Department is responsible for promoting reproductive health to the whole society, including giving infertility patients and couples of childbearing age some healthy fertility knowledge, guidance on how to have a smooth pregnancy and health during pregnancy, as well as psychological counseling for infertility patients, guiding them on how to seek proper medical treatment and correct lifestyle, and reducing stress. We also give psychological counseling to infertility patients and guide them on how to seek proper medical consultation and correct lifestyle to reduce stress, and do a lot of work on prevention and promotion of infertility. In addition to the popularization of reproductive science, the reproductive health doctors will develop a personalized and standardized examination and treatment plan for each infertility patient. After checking which part of the infertility problem is bothering you, the doctor will try to help you in a way that is as simple and natural as possible, some patients can get pregnant with ultrasound ovulation monitoring and sexual guidance. Other patients may get pregnant with ultrasound follicle monitoring guidance and some ovulation-promoting drugs, such as clomiphene and other simple ovulation-promoting drugs. If these methods do not work, we will resort to assisted reproductive techniques – such as artificial insemination and IVF – as early as possible so that a healthy baby can be obtained with relatively little intervention. Artificial insemination is one of the effective forms of assisted conception. It refers to an assisted conception technique in which the semen is collected by the male partner through masturbation during the female partner’s ovulation period, processed by laboratory washing and then delivered directly into the female reproductive tract using a special catheter so that the sperm can unite with the soon-to-be-expelled egg to achieve fertilization and pregnancy. IUI is a simple and mature technique that costs less than a thousand dollars a cycle, and the success rate of each cycle may range from 10% to 20%, with a cumulative success rate of about 50% over 3 to 6 cycles. Of course it has certain indications, such as men with oligospermia, weak sperm, liquefaction abnormalities, sexual dysfunction, genital malformations, women with cervical factors that prevent pregnancy, or immune infertility, infertility of unknown origin, etc. IVF technology is the common name for artificial fertility techniques such as in vitro fertilization – embryo transfer, which involves placing sperm and eggs outside the body using various techniques to fertilize the eggs and transfer them into the uterus after a few days of culture to conceive a woman and give birth to a child. This technology is an important milestone in the history of science and human development, as it is a form of complementary assistance to traditional human reproduction by means of human intervention to achieve human reproduction. Due to the maturity of various biomedical technologies, as well as the perfection of cell culture fluids and the experience of medical personnel, the success rate of IVF has increased from about 20%-25% to 60% or even higher worldwide, and the chances of success of IVF have gradually increased. IVF is suitable for cases where the female partner is infertile due to various causes of tubal factors, ovulation disorders, endometriosis that cannot be conceived by other treatments, failure to conceive after 1 year of active treatment after surgery, low or weak spermatozoa in the male partner, immune infertility, unexplained infertility, repeated IUI treatment failure, etc. Note: For patients with infertility caused by organic lesions, do they have to be treated with traditional open surgery? Zhang Rongling: The answer is no. The introduction of minimally invasive hysteroscopic and laparoscopic technologies into the field of reproduction has opened up a new field for women to treat organic lesions while preserving their reproductive function. Minimally invasive minimally invasive procedures such as hysteroscopy and laparoscopy are now widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of infertility, such as tubal effusion, endometriosis, endometrial polyps, uterine adhesions, uterine fibroids, ovarian cysts, etc. With the help of advanced medical technology, the level of diagnosis and pregnancy rate are greatly improved, which helps to identify the cause of infertility and perform surgical correction. We advise infertility patients not to worry, it is very necessary to seek the help of reproductive health doctors in regular hospitals, they have many methods to fulfill your wish to have a baby, of course the principle is first of all non-invasive, simple and easy to use treatment.