Congenital clubfoot (talipes varus/club foot) deformity includes: ankle clubfoot, heel inversion, and forefoot rotation. Clinical manifestations: ankle clubfoot, heel inversion, forefoot adduction, and axial rotation of the foot. The affected foot and calf triceps are smaller than the contralateral side. The lower extremity is unequal (〉0.5 cm), with 18% of unilateral clubfoot, 89% of tibial shortening, and 43% of femoral shortening) and 4% of bilateral clubfoot. Treatment of clubfoot – Pansetti method This treatment is most effective for children who start treatment within 9 months of age (preferably soon after birth). For children between the ages of 9 and 28 months, this treatment is still effective and can correct all or most of the deformities. After 28 months of age, the Pansetti method is still effective, but most children will need to undergo surgery at the same time. Summary of treatment 1.Manipulation – After several weeks of manipulation, the bones of the foot are brought back to a near normal position and the foot deformity is gradually corrected. 2. Plastering – After each manipulation, the foot and lower leg are placed in a cast and kept in place for 5-7 days to maintain the position of the foot. 3. Repeat steps 1 and 2 until the foot is corrected to the correct position. 4. In order to completely straighten the foot, the surgeon will usually cut the Achilles tendon. This minor surgery is performed under local anesthesia and takes only 10 minutes. 5. Brace – As soon as the last cast is removed, your child will be fitted with a wearable brace: a. Wear it for 3 months, 23 hours a day. b. Wear it every time he or she sleeps for the next 2 to 4 years. The brace is a key part of the treatment. Even if your child’s foot looks normal again, if they don’t wear it every time they sleep, their foot may turn back again, even after more than 2 1/2 years of orthopedic treatment.