The Bacterial Research Unit of the Capital Institute of Pediatrics recently published a report on the surveillance of Mycoplasma pneumoniae incidence in children in Beijing. The report warns that a high prevalence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae needs to be prevented in 2016, and clinical pediatricians need to pay more attention and try to achieve early detection and treatment. Beijing has already seen an epidemic trend of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection outbreaks, and this epidemic is expected to last one to two years. According to the reporter, there are more and more babies with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in the pediatric outpatient and inpatient hospitals recently. Chen Hui, deputy chief physician of the Department of Pediatrics, Jiangsu Provincial People’s Hospital, Jiangsu Province Maternal and Child Health Hospital, introduced Mycoplasma pneumoniae as the smallest of the pathogenic microorganisms known to live independently between bacteria and viruses. Although Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a pathogenic microorganism, but there is no cell wall, so the antibiotics commonly used in pediatric bacterial infections are ineffective for mycoplasma, because the antibacterial basis of these antibiotics is to resist the formation of bacterial cell walls, to fight mycoplasma, can only use drugs that target the nucleus of the bacteria (more macrolide antibiotics, such as erythromycin, roxithromycin, azithromycin, etc.), while mycoplasma pneumoniae also Mycoplasma pneumoniae is very cunning and can easily create various illusions to paralyze humans and evade the body’s immune monitoring of it, and if a treatment is not complete, it can recur. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is one of the important pathogenic microorganisms of respiratory infections in children. The clinical manifestations of early Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections are similar to those of common respiratory infections, with fever that can be mild or severe, but the cough often persists for a long time, with a spasm-like cough that resembles whooping cough and lasts longer. In severe infections, it can cause neurological and cardiovascular multi-system complications, which can lead to death in severe cases. If fever and recurrent coughing of respiratory infection occurs within a month, it should be taken seriously and checked for infection. When a child is infected with Mycoplasma pneumoniae, it can manifest not only as pneumonia, but also as pharyngitis, laryngitis, otitis media, tonsillitis, tracheitis, and even other systemic involvement. In the past, mycoplasma infections were more frequent in preschool or school-age children, but recently it has been found that the infections are occurring in younger age groups, with many small infants within 1 year of age, the youngest being 2 months old. Because of the characteristics of mycoplasma infection itself, a short course of treatment can not be completely cleared, once the treatment is not regular or randomly stopping the drug often leads to a prolonged course of disease, generally need to treat 3-4 courses (one week per course) to completely cure, early pneumonia or more serious infection, you need to first intravenous infusion 1-2 courses of treatment, and then change to oral medication after improvement. When a child at home has recurrent respiratory infections or persistent cough within 1-3 months, it is recommended to go to the hospital for a checkup and may be tested for Mycoplasma pneumoniae. When the diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection is confirmed, it is important to complete the course of treatment under the guidance of the doctor and not to “stop the medication when the child’s fever goes down and the cough gets better”, as it is easy to relapse the infection. If children experience gastrointestinal reactions, such as nausea, vomiting, or mild abdominal pain, during the medication period, no special treatment is usually necessary, and dietary adjustments can be made. As there is no lifelong immunity after Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection (the general immunity period is about 6 months), and there is no vaccination to prevent it, the main factors for infection are low immunity and contact with the pathogen, Mycoplasma pneumoniae is mainly spread by droplets or contact, and diligent hand washing has a good preventive effect on Mycoplasma pneumoniae. The experts suggest that you can buy some anti-bacterial and anti-bacterial wash products at home, such as children’s herbal hand sanitizer, which will add bitter ginseng, snake bed seeds, blueberry and other Chinese herbal ingredients, to form a protective layer on the skin, to play a certain protective role. Pay attention to indoor air circulation and try not to have close contact with infected children. Some adults are recessive carriers of the pathogen and should also pay attention to hygiene before touching or kissing children. In daily life, try to: first, reduce contact, less take children to crowded places, if you go, it is recommended to wear a mask; second, wash your hands regularly, come back from going out, wash your hands according to the correct washing method; third, wash the exposed parts at the same time, such as rinsing the mouth, washing the nasal cavity, eyes, etc., to reduce the chance of infection. In addition, to enhance their own physical fitness, balanced nutritional intake, reduce excessive fatigue is also an important preventive measure.