Periodontal disease is one of the most common diseases of the oral cavity and is the leading cause of tooth loss in adults. Periodontal diseases are diseases that occur in the supporting tissues of the teeth and include two main categories: gingivitis, which involves the gum tissue, and periodontitis, which affects the deep periodontal tissues (periodontium, bone and alveolar bone). The main cause of periodontitis is the long-term deposition of plaque and calculus in the periodontal tissues, resulting in gingival inflammation, alveolar bone resorption, and loosening of teeth. Patients with periodontal disease have bleeding gums when brushing, sucking and biting hard objects, dark red or crimson gums; loose teeth and weakness in chewing of the back teeth; gum atrophy, teeth becoming longer, shifting and gaps in teeth. Recurrent painful swelling of the gums.