As early as 1906, Clemens van Pirquet, an Austrian pediatrician, introduced the term “allergic reactions”. After a century of changes, with the development of social economy and the enrichment of material life, the incidence of allergic diseases is on the rise worldwide. In 2005, the World Allergic Organization (WAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO) jointly initiated July 8 each year as “World Allergy Day”, which shows that allergic diseases have become a global concern. The etiology of allergic diseases is complex and diverse, and the causes of allergy vary from time to time and from place to place. Therefore, the identification of allergens is the primary issue in the diagnosis and treatment of allergic diseases. One of the most classical methods is the application of allergens as stimulants to directly stimulate the patient’s symptoms or the use of allergen avoidance methods, while these tests are complex and usually used in food allergy. For allergies caused by inhaled allergens, the clinical allergy history of the patient is usually combined with an in vivo skin prick test and an in vitro allergen-specific IgE (SIgE) test to determine which allergen the patient inhaled and the extent of the allergy. The skin allergen prick test can confirm or exclude factors that cause allergic disease. The principle is to inject a small amount of active extract of allergens under the epidermis to induce the body to produce IgE, which can bind to IgE receptors on the surface of mast cells in the skin or submucosa, causing the mast cells to degranulate and release a large amount of histamine, slow-reacting substances and other vasoactive substances (allergy mediators), resulting in local vasodilation and exudation, manifesting as wind masses and erythema. The test result is judged by the diameter of the dermatome. The skin allergen prick test is performed on the skin of the palmar side of the forearm. No special preparation of the skin is required prior to the test. Because any disinfectant and cleaning agent can be an allergen and induce a rash, which can affect the test results. The patient is examined with the arm relaxed and resting on a table. The examiner uses a fine needle tip to gently prick the skin with a drop of the test solution, allowing a small amount of the test solution to enter the skin. Because the needle only lightly pricks the skin, the patient often feels no pain and the skin does not bleed. The test is often completed unnoticed during a few minutes of relaxed conversation between the doctor and patient, and the results are judged after 20-30 minutes. The examiner uses the diameter of the dermatome as a criterion for judgment. The test is easy to perform, quick and intuitive to observe, painless and easy to accept by the patient, and the price of the test is quite economical. Despite all the advantages, the test does require a few small conditions. Subjects should be as old as possible and older than 5 years old, and patients younger than 5 years old should be tested in small numbers. Discontinue antihistamines, corticosteroids and medications with antihistamine effects for three days prior to the test to avoid false negative results. Do not expose to natural allergens if possible. Testing is prohibited in the following conditions: diseases that significantly impair systemic status, skin lesions at the test site, patients treated with beta blockers or ACE inhibitors, during pregnancy, and during asthma attacks. Since the test result is the subjective judgment of the examiner, the experience of the examiner is also a factor that affects the result. The causes of allergy are diverse, and it is not possible to test the same patient for all allergens at once. If too many are selected, compliance is poor. Therefore, there are limits to the types of allergens that can be selected, and they should be selected in a targeted manner and, if necessary, in separate tests. For hypersensitive patients, the test may have a strong local reaction, and individual patients may even have a serious systemic reaction. Therefore, the choice of test solution should also have strict requirements: not only the safety factor is high, the specificity should also be high, and the dose control should be strict. First aid equipment should also be available in the examination room. The skin allergen prick test is not only qualitative for allergens, but also quantitative for further desensitization treatment. There are still great advantages in clinical use.