The skin of small children is very delicate, and once trauma occurs, it is undoubtedly more tricky and may leave scars if you are not careful. Especially in the summer, when the temperature is high and sweating, skin trauma is more likely to become infected. So, master the following 10 kinds of trauma treatment method, will be able to help the baby better through the summer. 1, abrasions Abrasions are wounds that are scraped by the baby’s fall, which are only superficial injuries, so the injuries are relatively minor and can be treated at home. For very shallow, small area of the wound, available iodine oil, alcohol (red salve) to apply the skin around the wound, and then wrapped with clean sterilized gauze. If there is no iodine and alcohol at home, clean water can be used to clean the wound, then apply antibacterial ointment, and then apply a Band-Aid. If the abrasion is too large, the wound is covered with sand and dirt that cannot be washed off by itself, or the injured part is swollen, in severe pain, the surrounding organism tissue is broken, blood flowing, or the location of the injury is important (such as the face), it is advisable to take the baby to the doctor. For large and deep wounds, it is more timely to take the baby to surgery for local debridement and tetanus injection. 2, lacerations In principle, within 24 hours sutures can be, however, if the face is injured, early sutures. Also, the longer a serious laceration is delayed, the higher the possibility of bacterial infection, which may lead to delayed disease or residual scars, so you should seek medical attention in a timely manner. 3, stab wounds If stabbed by nails, needles, glass and other sharp objects, there will usually be a small amount of blood flow, because the wound is narrow, deep, bacteria are not easily discharged, so it is easy to cause inflammation. If you are stabbed, no matter how small the wound is, there is a risk of tetanus, so it is important to seek medical attention promptly. In the case of emergency treatment of a stab wound, the wound will be squeezed and blood will flow out, and bacteria will be discharged at the same time. Therefore, it is important to wash your hands and use sterilized instruments when dealing with stab wounds. If you rush to treat a puncture wound with your hands, it may lead to bacterial invasion and inflammation. If possible, find out what kind of foreign object caused the stab wound. If it is a glass fragment, it may hurt the baby’s muscles or blood vessels, so do not treat it yourself at home, but go to the hospital as soon as possible. If not handled properly, it can lead to more bleeding and even damage to internal organs and blood vessels. If you are stabbed by a knife or copper or iron product, you should go to the hospital for a tetanus injection. If the foreign object that causes the stabbing is not glass and one end is exposed outside the skin, take a pair of tweezers, put the end of the tweezers on the flame for sterilization, wait for the tweezers to cool, while distracting the baby’s attention so that the baby will not be too nervous, while gently using the tweezers to clip out the foreign object. If the foreign body remains under the skin, disinfect the sewing needle with a flame or soak it in sterile alcohol or sterile water for a few minutes. Put a piece of ice in the skin area where the foreign body is located, so that the skin is more or less numb, and then gently pick the skin with a sterilized needle to expose the foreign body, and use the sterilized forceps to clip out the foreign body. If the stab wound is caused by a nail, the nail should be removed first. Use disinfected forceps or small pliers to pull out the nail in the direction of the nail, pull out the force should be uniform, do not shake left and right to reduce the damage to the surrounding body tissue. If the nail has been pulled out, you can force around the wound squeeze, squeeze out the blood and dirt, to reduce post-injury infection. If the nail is broken in the wound, the baby should be allowed to stop walking immediately and the removed part of the nail should be sent to the hospital with the baby to be surgically extracted. 4.Cuts Cuts are injuries caused by knives, scissors, glass pieces or sharp instruments. When cut by a knife, first use clean items to stop the bleeding, and then use a bandage to fix it. When the wound bleeds more than once, it is necessary to stop the bleeding with direct pressure method, that is, using fingers or palms to directly press the wound, relying on pressure to stop the blood flow, so that the blood at the wound clots, or use clean gauze to compress the wound to stop bleeding. If a cut occurs on the finger and the wound bleeds more, the artery on both sides of the finger should be pressed tightly, and the bleeding can usually be stopped after 5 to 15 minutes of pressure. If the cut is on other parts, pressure should be applied to stop the bleeding. If you really can not stop the bleeding, you can use a rubber band in the bleeding area above the part of the tie, blocking the blood flow, and immediately go to the hospital to deal with. Each rubber band should not be tightened for more than 15 minutes to stop bleeding, otherwise it will lead to limb necrosis because the blood flow is blocked for too long. After the bleeding has stopped, disinfect the skin around the wound with 75% alcohol or iodophor, cover it with sterilized gauze or Band-Aid, and finally fix it with a bandage. Please note that deeper and larger wounds or facial wounds should be treated in hospital and sutured if necessary to avoid excessive scarring. 5.With bruising The bruising is mostly caused by the rupture of subcutaneous capillaries due to external force, and blood seeps from the ruptured capillaries to the subcutaneous, so a bruise can be seen on the intact skin, at this time the blood seeping out to the subcutaneous is already a foreign body, and the subcutaneous nerves are rich, so the pain is obvious. If there is bruising on the skin, cold compresses with cool water or ice should be applied to reduce swelling. If the injured area is the arm or leg, then lifting the arm or leg up can help reduce the swelling. After 24 hours of bruising, you can apply warm water to the affected area to promote local blood circulation and accelerate the dissipation of bruising. Generally speaking, subcutaneous blood stasis can be slowly absorbed by the body, which takes about 2 weeks. 6, scratches Little babies gathered to play together, are easy to be scratched by small partners, if the problem is not big, the appropriate disinfection treatment can be, will soon heal naturally. It is important to note that when cleaning the wound should be used with running water. If the injury is more serious, along with a fever, or scratched by small animals, should be rushed to seek medical treatment. 7, smash or squeeze wound When you are squeezed in a doorway or smashed by a hard object such as a stone, pay attention to the use of cold compresses. For smashed wounds, bandages wrapped too tightly will only increase the pain of the injury, there is little point in treatment. If you are squeezed in the doorway and the inside of the wound is purple due to congestion, it is likely to have a fracture and you should seek medical attention as soon as possible. 8, animal bites After being bitten or scratched by dogs, cats and other animals, do not squeeze the wound like a venomous snake bite to prevent the virus from entering the nervous system at a faster rate. The wound can be thoroughly rinsed, first with soapy water, water, detergent or iodine preparation or ethanol that has a reliable killing effect on rabies virus, for at least 20 minutes. After thorough rinsing, apply 2% to 3% iodine or 75% alcohol to the wound to remove or kill the local virus. Try not to suture wounds that have not injured large blood vessels and do not need to be bandaged. For larger wounds or more serious facial wounds that require suturing, the wound should be infiltrated with rabies immune serum or immunoglobulin after debridement and disinfection, and then sutured and bandaged several hours later (no less than 2 hours). If the wound is deep or large, drainage strips can be placed and antibiotics and tetanus antitoxin can be used to control other infections. 9, mosquito bites in summer by mosquito bites, ice or cool water cold compresses are better, so that the skin’s blood vessels will contract, the mosquito secretion of toxins can not spread. Generally speaking, most of the mosquito bites caused by trauma are not serious, but be sure to pay attention to, try not to let the baby scratch the wound, if the mosquito bite parts scratch, the toxins will spread to the surrounding body tissue, may cause impetigo. Here, introduce four small treatment of mosquito bites: (1) by fleas, mosquitoes, caterpillars, ants bites, apply some toothpaste, vinegar, lemon juice, crushed onion leaves, garlic, hygiene balls, onions, etc., can stop itching. (2) mosquito bites, soap (or soap) can be dipped in water in the bite to rub, wait a few moments to stop the itch. (3) by the mosquito bite, quickly take a hot water bottle stopper on the bite 2 to 3 minutes, several times in a row, the itch can disappear, and will not appear red spots and pimples. Of course, the temperature of the bottle stopper to high heat, and does not burn the skin as appropriate. (4) by the mosquito bite, itchy, can be 1 to 2 aspirin crushed, with a small amount of cool water into a paste, coated in the bite, you can reduce swelling and itching. 10, burns flush, off, bubble, cover, send 5 steps, is the first principle of treatment of burns accident. Rinse: Rinse the wound with flowing water for 15-30 minutes to quickly reduce the heat on the skin surface. If you can’t rinse the wound, you can apply cold compresses. Take off: After fully soaking wet, then carefully remove the clothing, if necessary, you can use scissors to cut the clothing, or temporarily retain the adhesive part, and try to avoid breaking the blisters. Soak: soak in cold water (with ice) for 15-30 minutes continuously to reduce pain and stabilize emotions. Usually, you can prepare some ice cubes in the refrigerator in case you need them. However, if the burn area is too large or the baby is young, it is not necessary to soak for too long, so as not to drop the body temperature too much or delay the treatment. Cover: Cover the injured area with a clean sheet or cloth, gauze, etc. Do not apply rice wine, soy sauce, toothpaste, paste, herbs, etc. to the injured area, these things not only do not help the recovery of the wound, but also easily cause wound infection, and affect the judgment of the medical staff and emergency treatment. Send: Rush to the doctor for first aid and treatment.