Female genital tract anomalies are rare and do not manifest abnormally in early childhood or childhood. Patients with dysmenorrhea are often diagnosed only after they have developed their breasts during puberty, but have delayed menstruation and experience periodic abdominal pain or dysmenorrhea. In clinical practice, we often encounter patients with dysmenorrhea, some of whom still have dysmenorrhea or pus and blood discharge, and we should be especially alert to the presence of genital tract abnormalities, which are often caused by stagnation and infection due to the inability of menstrual blood to flow through normal channels. What exactly is a genital tract abnormality? It is an anatomical, or morphological, abnormality of the vulva, vagina and/or uterine appendages due to abnormal development of the female during the embryonic period. The main causes of developmental arrest or abnormalities during embryonic development are endogenous factors (sex chromosome abnormalities) or exogenous factors (adverse external factors). For example, in the early stages of pregnancy, adverse environmental factors or drugs affect the differentiation and development of the primordial gonads, the fusion of the primordium of the internal genitalia, ductal cavitation and development, and the derivation of the external genitalia, leading to the development of the disease. In female genital tract developmental abnormalities, there can be a single site of malformation or multiple sites at the same time, with different combinations of multiple sites of malformation. Therefore, there are various clinical manifestations. The more common ones are divided into three main categories: 1. Paramedian duct derivative hypoplasia: congenital absence of vagina, often combined with absence of uterus or primordial uterus (immaturely developed uterus). 2, paramedian duct derivatives fusion disorder: manifested by a variety of different degrees of fusion and defects in the reproductive tract, such as the development of one side but not the other, can form different types of uterine malformations. 3.Obstructed formation of normal ducts: vaginal atresia, transverse vaginal septum or oblique vaginal septum are common, and occasionally, normal uterus is combined with cervical atresia. The female genital tract is closely related to the development of the urogenital tract, so it is often combined with urogenital tract malformations, such as renal agenesis on one side, pelvic kidney, unilateral double kidney malformation, etc. Tubo-ovarian developmental anomalies are less common and include ovarian hypoplasia; para-ovarian; and ovarian ectopic. The clinical manifestations of each developmental abnormality are different, and appropriate tests are needed to identify and confirm the diagnosis. The earlier the diagnosis is made, the better the outcome. Therefore, early diagnosis is very important. After puberty, women with abnormal menstrual and reproductive performance may be accompanied by genital tract abnormalities, which are commonly seen in the following cases: 1. If there is periodic abdominal pain during puberty, but no menstrual flow, hymenal atresia and other disorders should be excluded. If you have severe dysmenorrhea after puberty, do not take painkillers or herbal medicine blindly, but go to the gynecology department for examination to rule out vaginal incompleteness, oblique septum, transverse septum, and vestigial uterus. If you have primary amenorrhea, such as no menstruation after 18 years old, but no dysmenorrhea, or no menstruation 2 years after the development of secondary sex characteristics, you should exclude congenital absence of vagina, uterus or uterine dysplasia, etc. 4. If you have a history of bad pregnancy or delivery, such as infertility, habitual miscarriage, premature delivery, abnormal fetal position, failed abortion and difficulties, you should consider uterine malformation and need to conduct the necessary tests to confirm the diagnosis or exclude it. Patients suffering from genital tract abnormalities have a sense of inferiority and are very anxious, they have a feeling of inferiority, and the purpose of seeking treatment is to have a normal life and psychology. In recent years, with the development of minimally invasive techniques, hysteroscopy and laparoscopy have brought great benefits to these patients and have become the conventional means of correcting genital tract anomalies. Early diagnosis of genital tract anomalies is not very difficult anymore, but it requires the cooperation of the patient, who should know under what circumstances and when to go to the doctor and not to delay the diagnosis and treatment because of embarrassment. Failure to seek medical attention for genital tract abnormalities can contribute to the development of the condition and even cause serious consequences.