Treatment is the fundamental and ultimate purpose of medical research, which has undergone a history of development over thousands of years [1,2]. From the initial topical and internal application of natural drugs to today’s chemical synthesis of drugs, from simple trauma bandaging to today’s combined multi-organ allografts, from simple surgical incision and removal of mass treatment to today’s minimally invasive treatment, from simple pathophysiological treatment to current molecular biology gene therapy, each step forward has been permeated with the efforts of generations or even tens of generations. Due to historical development and the limits of individual physicians’ abilities as well as the needs of medical science development, medicine has been gradually subdivided into multiple disciplines, and this development has contributed to the great development of medical science and significantly improved the standard of medical treatment. The progress of therapeutics cannot be separated from the development of basic medicine and the gradual improvement of cognitive level and deepening of cognitive level. With the development and improvement of macroscopic and microscopic science of disease cognition, the effect of human treatment and elimination of disease will be more and more excellent, and all this development and progress is the inevitable result of the improvement of cognitive level of medical therapeutics, which is also in line with the actual development of medicine. At the current level of medical development, how to further improve the efficacy has become one of the research priorities of modern medicine.1. Structural therapy Structural therapy is the restorative treatment of abnormal pathological and anatomical tissues that cause disease, and can be invasive or non-invasive [3]. Structural therapy has undergone a long historical development. According to historical records [1], Mr. Hua Tuo, a famous Chinese physician in China, carried out surgical rescue treatment for war injuries more than 2,000 years ago, and as his medical research improved, he further developed the idea of craniotomy to remove tumors, which indicates that structural therapy has been benefiting human beings as early as 2,000 years ago. The origin of structural therapy in Western medicine is far behind that of Chinese medicine, with a history of only a few hundred years, but the development of structural therapy in Western medicine is significantly faster and more advanced than that of Chinese medicine. The reasons for this are not only institutional, but also related to the cultural background and medical research model. Modern medicine has researched and proved that the development models of TCM and Western medicine have their own advantages, and the close combination of both helps further development and improvement of medicine. Structural treatment is the basis and fundamental of treating diseases, but it only creates the conditions for the recovery of human body or organ and tissue functions, it does not mean that the recovery of anatomical structure will necessarily produce the recovery of human body, organ and tissue functions. Conversely, anatomical abnormalities do not necessarily produce abnormalities in physiological function, which is mainly related to the degree and duration of anatomical abnormalities and the size of the body’s compensatory capacity. Anatomic structural abnormalities and functional abnormalities of disease are often the result of an interactive, vicious cycle that can have serious consequences if not treated appropriately. It can be seen that structural treatment is the basis of medical treatment, creating the necessary prerequisites for functional treatment and recovery, and is fundamental to achieving the desired cure. Structural treatments range from simple bandage healing of skin trauma to the multi-vessel resection and transplantation of today’s world, but they all have one main purpose, which is to restore the damaged physiological anatomy as much as possible, laying the foundation for the restoration of organ and tissue function. As a physician, a one-sided emphasis on the importance of structural treatment while ignoring the role of functional treatment will not yield very good results. Today’s world medicine, along with the development of other sciences, is transitioning from incisional invasive traumatology to minimally invasive interventional medicine, the main benefits of the latter being less trauma, fewer complications, faster recovery and higher efficacy. With the development of physics, chemistry, bioengineering and related basic disciplines, the development of minimally invasive interventional medicine is bound to enter a stage of development of faster, better and more acceptable therapeutic measures. Throughout the history of medical development and the law of scientific development, even the minimally invasive and interventional treatment in modern medicine is still not the ideal realm of medical development, but only a necessary place on the road of medical advancement. The highest level of human medical research should be to cure various diseases and maximize life expectancy.2. Functional treatment Functional treatment is to take all measures to restore the function of the human body, organs and tissues as much as possible. Function mainly refers to various physiological functions of the human body, organs and tissues, such as movement, sensation, digestion, absorption, synthesis, secretion, metabolism and excretion [2]. The measures taken include sports medicine therapy, physical and chemical therapy, psychological and social therapy, Chinese and Western medicine, pharmacotherapy and surgery. Analysis of the historical state of medical development shows that the research of functional therapy precedes structural therapy, and this conjecture is in line with the objective laws of scientific development. The ultimate goal of medical research is to restore as many functions of the human body as possible, and then functional therapy is an indispensable part of therapeutics. If only structural treatment is emphasized without taking measures corresponding to functional treatment, it is impossible or difficult for the patient to fully restore all functions of the organism, organs and tissues, and such treatment will not be perfect. The current state of medical treatment, in many cases, does not combine structural and functional treatment well due to the division of disciplines or depth of perception, which is the shortcoming of modern medical development. For example, after interventional or surgical repair treatment of congenital heart disease, most patients are discharged from the hospital, and the recovery of systolic and diastolic functions and electrophysiological functions of the heart is not the focus of treatment, and most of them take the process of natural recovery, so that some patients lose the best time for functional recovery treatment and cannot be completely cured. 3. Organic and orderly combination of structural and functional treatment of these two treatments The organic and orderly combination of these two treatments can achieve the ultimate goal and the highest level of modern medicine. Overemphasis on either side may produce a lot of therapeutic regrets or shortcomings, so that patients can not fully recover. In the actual medical treatment practice, there is no unified conclusion on which aspect of treatment should be given priority so far. The idea of patient-specific analysis, specific treatment of specific problems, localization and prioritization of the main contradiction is more in line with the modern medical cognitive and developmental laws, and practice has proved that the therapeutic effect of this medical mindset is higher than that of other mindsets [3]. For example, in a patient with coronary artery disease or ischemic cardiomyopathy, whether to first treat the patient with structural treatment by surgical bypass or interventional stenting or functional treatment by improving cardiac function, it is necessary to analyze the degree of impaired cardiac function and the patient’s general condition in order to make the right choice and achieve the ideal treatment. If the patient’s heart function is not significantly damaged and the patient’s general condition is acceptable, structural treatment should be taken first, otherwise, functional treatment should be taken first and structural treatment should be implemented after the condition improves. As far as the disease itself is concerned, there are functional and structural causes of disease occurrence and development, so some diseases themselves require only functional treatment to achieve satisfactory results, such as psychological diseases and psychiatric diseases. Some diseases also require only structural treatment, for example, interventional treatment of central 2-3 mm atrial septal defect does not require specific functional treatment if there are no other cardiac problems. Therefore, the correct analysis of specific problems is the key to solving them.4. The development trend of modern medical therapeutics and the future therapeutic model combining structural and functional treatment is the basic requirement of modern medical development. For example, in the treatment of asymmetric hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, surgical resection or chemical ablation interventions are used only when the left ventricular outflow tract is severely stenosed and the transvalvular pressure is greater than 50 mmHg, otherwise drugs such as β-blockers and vasoconverting enzyme inhibitors/antagonists are effective in treating hypertrophic ventricular remodeling. Therefore, it is important to treat a specific patient with a proper analysis of the condition and a comprehensive and integrated study of the treatment plan, which is also a prerequisite for a satisfactory outcome. There are macroscopic and microscopic structural treatments, such as the current surgical treatments, and microscopic structural treatments, such as the current gene therapy and drug structural treatments. From the analysis of medical research hotspots in recent years [4], it is possible that medical therapeutics will develop from macro-structural therapy to micro-structural therapy in the future. With the in-depth research of functional therapy, functional therapy has been transformed from purely one-sided local internal environment disorder and function reduction to systemic function regulation and whole-body function adjustment, whose main purpose is to solve the problem of poor efficacy in disease treatment by using the concept of systemic science from local to whole-body and then from whole-body to local circulatory influence and adjustment theory. For example, in the treatment of heart failure patients, improving myocardial contractility is the central part of local treatment, but simple cardiac strengthening treatment cannot receive the ideal efficacy, but must be combined with vasodilatation, diuretic and other measures to reduce the pre and afterload of the heart to improve the efficacy of treatment, and this systemic treatment reduces myocardial oxygen consumption is conducive to myocardial repair and functional recovery. It can be seen that the medical treatment model combining macro and micro therapy and local and systemic therapy is the future of medical therapeutics development.5. Reflections and insights on the future treatment model Structural and functional therapy, local and systemic and systemic therapy, and the medical treatment model combining macro and micro therapy are the development directions of modern medical therapeutics [5]. As a contemporary medical practitioner, it is necessary to consider how it is possible to achieve a three-dimensional spatial model of social, psychological and medical treatment, which is the basis for strengthening and improving the effectiveness of treatment. The implementation of three-dimensional therapeutic theory in medical practice activities is fundamental to good medical and scientific research, so while it is important to emphasize professional knowledge education in medical education, social, psychological and humanistic knowledge education cannot be ignored. This mode of educational thinking is in line with both the ancient idea of teaching and educating people first and the development needs and national conditions of modern medicine, which is the basis of medical education in China.