The kidneys in modern medicine are very important and indispensable as far as anatomical entities and their physiological functions are concerned: the two kidneys are bean-shaped and located deep in the abdomen, below the rib cage. The kidneys mainly remove toxins, waste and excess water from our body. In addition, it helps our body to control blood pressure, regulate electrolyte concentration, regulate acid-base balance, produce red blood cells and maintain healthy bones. In Chinese medicine, the kidney is a particularly important “organ” among the internal organs in terms of the overall functional system of the five viscera and six bowels. Chinese medicine regards the Qi it harbors as the driving force of life. It is considered by medical practitioners to be the house of water and fire, containing true yin and true yang, and is also called the Gate of Life. Specifically, the main physiology of the kidney includes the collection of sperm, reproduction and growth and development; the kidney is the master of water, and it plays an important role in the transmission and excretion of fluids; the kidney is the master of qi, and it is important for the respiratory movement of the body. In addition, the kidney has an important influence on bones, intelligence, hair, reproduction, urination and defecation, ear and hearing, saliva and blood. Its comprehensive functions are equivalent to those of endocrine, urinary, reproductive, respiratory, neurological, vascular, digestive, immune and other aspects in modern medicine. Correcting misconceptions: impotence is all kidney deficiency, weakness is all kidney deficiency, kidney disease is all kidney deficiency, and fear of cold is all kidney deficiency. Kidney deficiency is often mentioned in life, and nowadays the word kidney deficiency has crossed the realm of medical terminology, acting more as a signboard for health advertising, when you pick up the newspaper, turn on the TV you can see and hear kidney deficiency. In fact, kidney deficiency is a term used in Chinese medicine, and the theory of Chinese medicine is that the kidney is much more than the scope of the urinary system, it has a close relationship with the growth, aging, intelligence and fertility of the human body. The kidneys are the “essence of the innate nature” according to Chinese medicine. The kidney and the bladder are mutually exclusive, and the kidney collects essence, which is responsible for growth, development and reproduction. The kidney is the main organ of the ears and the two yin, and the kidney is responsible for the production of marrow in the bones and the hair. When the essence of the viscera is abundant, in addition to supplying itself for physiological activities, the remainder is stored in the kidneys for emergency use. When the internal organs need it, the kidneys then resupply the hidden essence to the internal organs. Therefore, the strength and weakness of the kidney essence has an impact on the function of the internal organs, and the five internal organs need the nourishment of the kidney essence, which is the power source of the body’s vital activities. The role of the kidney can be divided into two aspects, kidney yin and kidney yang, kidney yin and kidney yang interdependent, mutual constraints to maintain the dynamic balance of the body. When this balance is disrupted, there will be pathological changes of kidney yin and kidney yang in favor of failure or prevalence. When people are congenitally deficient, physically weak, or aging, or after a long illness or disease, the body’s essence will naturally be insufficient, there will be many corresponding signs and symptoms, Chinese medicine is called kidney deficiency. There are many symptoms of kidney deficiency, which can be manifested in the brain: memory loss, lack of concentration, lack of energy, and reduced work efficiency. In the emotional aspect can be manifested as: poor mood, often difficult to control emotions, dizziness, irritability, irritability, anxiety, depression, etc.. Or lack of confidence, lack of self-confidence, no enthusiasm for work, no passion for life, no goal and direction. In the sexual function, sexual function is reduced, men’s libido is reduced, impotence or impotence, seminal emission, slippery sperm, premature ejaculation, sperm reduction or sperm motility is reduced, and sterility. In women, uterine dysplasia, premature ovarian failure, amenorrhea, irregular menstruation, decreased libido, infertility, etc. In urinary manifestations: frequent urination, waiting for urination, long and clear urination, increased nocturia, etc. In addition, symptoms of kidney deficiency may include premature aging, insomnia, loss of appetite, bone and joint pain, weakness of the waist and knees, fatigue, weakness, hearing loss, hair loss or premature graying of the beard, loose teeth and easy to fall. Or premature aging of the face, bags under the eyes, dark circles under the eyes, dull and lusterless complexion, pigmentation, women’s breasts begin to sag, waist, abdominal fat accumulation; men’s premature baldness, etc. Correct the misconceptions about kidney deficiency Talking about kidney deficiency, we also need to correct some misconceptions about kidney deficiency. Many people think that impotence is kidney deficiency, but in fact impotence is caused by many factors, not synonymous with kidney deficiency. The second weakness is kidney deficiency, the kidneys are the root of human life, the inner yin and yang, the main bone and marrow, the collection of essence. If the kidney is not enough, naturally the physique will decline and the waist and knees will be weak. However, there are many causes of physical weakness, such as damage to the spleen and stomach, deficiency of lung qi, liver and blood deficiency, etc. Weakness is a deficiency, but it is not the same as a kidney deficiency. Again, the misconception that all kidney diseases are kidney deficiency, kidney deficiency in Chinese medicine can be the result of disease, but also the result of aging, is the concept of dysfunction of the internal organs of the human body, and does not necessarily mean that the human anatomy of the kidney has a lesion. Therefore, kidney deficiency is not the same as kidney disease. There are also people who think that fear of cold is kidney deficiency, the kidney is the master of the Yang, so most of those who have a deficiency of kidney Yang are afraid of cold, cold limbs, but there are superficial and internal evidence of this. The internal evidence is divided into spleen yang deficiency and kidney yang deficiency, which cannot be attributed to kidney deficiency. The Chinese medicine treatment for kidney deficiency is to identify the evidence first, to find out whether it is kidney yang deficiency or kidney yin deficiency is the key. Generally speaking, kidney yin deficiency is soreness and weakness of the waist and knees, five heartburn, dizziness and tinnitus, insomnia and forgetfulness, night sweating, men’s spermatorrhea and premature ejaculation, women’s menstruation, constipation, red tongue with little coating and fine pulse; kidney yang deficiency is white or black, soreness and coldness of the waist and knees, mental weakness, men’s impotence and premature ejaculation, women’s uterine coldness and infertility, urine loss and swelling, diarrhea, pale tongue with white coating and sunken pulse. Some patients show deficiency of both yin and yang. Yang tonics are mostly hot medicines, such as Radix et Rhizoma, Cinnamon, Deer antler, Mulberry, Epimedium, Herba Cistanches, Bacopa monniera, etc.; Yin tonics are mostly sweet and cool medicines, such as Dendrobium, Yu Zhu, Fructus Lycii, Fructus Chasteberry, Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng, etc. The representative formula for yin is Liu Wei Di Huang Wan, and the representative formula for yang is Jin Kui Kidney Qi Wan and Wu Zi Yan Zong Wan. As Chinese medicine also emphasizes the “mutual root of yin and yang”, so the treatment should also be “good at nourishing yin, yin in yang; good at nourishing yang, yin in yang”.