Overview: Trigeminal neuralgia is a disease characterized by recurrent episodes of transient electric shock-like severe pain in the distribution of the facial trigeminal nerve. It is mostly seen in middle-aged and elderly people, and about 70-80% of them are over 40 years old, mostly women. It seriously endangers the physical and mental health of patients and directly affects their normal work and life, because it is difficult to treat and the pain is unbearable, making patients have a painful feeling, so people call it the most painful and stubborn disease. Etiology: The etiology and pathogenesis of primary trigeminal neuralgia is unknown, and most people believe that it may be due to demyelination of the trigeminal meningeal ganglion or sensory roots due to multiple etiologies. Secondary causes include epithelioid cysts, tumors, arachnoid adhesions, vascular malformations, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and craniocerebral trauma. Clinical manifestations: Trigeminal neuralgia is a common and frequent disease, characterized by a recurrent, brief electric shock-like severe pain in the distribution area of the trigeminal nerve in the face, with a prevalence of more than 50/100,000 people. The typical symptom is that when the face or mouth is stimulated by eating, washing, brushing teeth, talking, or even walking vibration or wind blowing, the facial paroxysmal, knife-like lightning-like severe pain will occur immediately, with each attack lasting from a few seconds to several minutes, with frequent attacks every day. The site of the pain is one or several branches in the distribution area of the trigeminal nerve, or it may start from one branch and spread to other branches later, and the pain attacks mostly follow the distribution of the nerve. Treatment: There are five main methods of treatment for trigeminal neuralgia, each with its own advantages and disadvantages: 1. Commonly used effective drugs include Dexedrine, carbamazepine and phenytoin sodium. Early, mild trigeminal neuralgia can be effectively relieved by drugs. However, patients with long-term, severe pain are difficult to get effective control by drugs and need to take them for a long time. Long-term or large doses can cause irreversible damage to the liver and kidneys. 2.Closure therapy: Inject anhydrous alcohol or glycerin, prednisolone, etc. directly into the trigeminal nerve branches or semilunar ganglion to cause coagulative necrosis, so as to block the nerve conduction function and obtain pain relief. This method has rapid effect, but it is easy to recur. 3.Surgical treatment: trigeminal nerve microvascular decompression or trigeminal nerve sensory root partial excision. The operation needs to be performed under the microscope with general anesthesia and craniotomy. Surgery is dangerous, more complications, high medical costs, narrow indications, generally unacceptable. 4.Gamma knife treatment: Gamma rays focused on the trigeminal nerve root to give a certain time, a certain dose, so that the nerve degeneration necrosis, conduction disorders and pain relief. This method does not have any pain, the risk is small, but the medical costs are expensive. In addition, the early effect is not good, often after half a year before the gradual effect. 5.Radiofrequency thermal coagulation therapy: Using radiofrequency instrument to generate electric heat in the tissue, according to the different temperatures tolerated by different nerve fibers, selectively destroy the fibers that conduct nociception, so as to achieve the purpose of pain relief.