Its representative formula, Tonic Zhong Yi Qi Tang, is well known to all practitioners of traditional Chinese medicine and is commonly used in various clinical departments, as long as the evidence is identified correctly and used with certainty, it is as effective as a rafter. But no one has explored and researched the treatment of Yi Jing Sheng Yin, and some of them are actually applied consciously or unconsciously in the clinical consultation. I have made a preliminary exploration of the treatment method of “Yi qi ascending yin” in “Yanshan Medical Talk”, based on the inspiration of Mr. Dong Yuan’s academic thought of “Yi qi ascending yang”, and the actual situation in the clinical treatment of ophthalmology and the effect of the treatment of yin. According to the inspiration of Mr. Dong Yuan’s academic thought of “benefitting qi and raising yang”, and the actual situation in the clinical treatment of diseases and the relevant discussion of sages, the research on the treatment method of “benefitting qi and raising yin” is discussed as follows.
1. Benefit Qi, raise Yang, and lift trapped treatment.
1.1 The application of the method of benefitting qi and raising yang in ophthalmology.
Dong Yuan created the first “Yi Qi and Yang” treatment method to make a variety of prescriptions, the main representative of the famous formula tonic Zhong Yi Qi Tang is commonly used in various disciplines. In the field of ophthalmology, Dong Yuan also created many prescriptions to benefit qi and raise yang. The representative prescriptions include ShenXi HuangQi Tang, Ginseng Tonic Stomach Tang, YiQi Smart Tang, and Helping Yang to Invigorate Blood, all of which are listed in the Dong Yuan Experimental Formula, which is a model of applying the method of benefitting qi and raising yang to treat eye diseases.
Its side: Shenxiao Huangqi Tang: treating numbness all over the body, or right or left body numbness, or head and face, or only arms, or only legs and feet, numbness and are treated. If the two eyes are urgently narrowed, and shy of the sun, or astringent tight difficult to open, or vision powerless eye pain, the hand can not be close, or eye less eye light, or eyes like fire. The “Orchid Room Secret Collection” said: “serve five or six times effective”.
Astragalus two, ginseng eight money, sizzling licorice one or two, bramble seed one money, white peony one or two, orange peel half two on (mouth father) chew, each serving five money, water a large jan eight minutes, decoction to a jan, remove the slag slightly hot to serve.
The second formula: ginseng tonic stomach soup (“Orchid Room Secret Collection” a bramble seed soup): treatment of labor injuries, diet is not regular, internal obstruction dim.
Astragalus ginseng each one or two sizzling licorice eight points of the Manchurian one money white peony three money yellow cypress wine mixed wet four times, one money on (mouth father) chew, each serving three, four money, two jan of water, decoction to a jan, remove the dregs, slightly hot to serve, lie down, three or five after serving, two eyes wide, see things like children, but feel two feet on the ground do not know the height, cover the winter more to serve Yang medicine. The disease is reduced to stay in the service, Hou five or seven days to take again.
Its three parties: Yi Qi smart soup treatment of dietary indiscretion, strain on the body, spleen and stomach deficiencies, internal obstruction tinnitus, or years of dimness of the eyes, vision can not. This formula can make the eyes wide, long taking no internal and external obstruction, tinnitus, deafness of the suffering. It also makes the spirit more than times, the vital energy from the benefit, light body, ears and eyes smart.
Astragalus and Glycyrrhiza each half a tael of ginseng half a tael of asclepias, kudzu each three taels of bramble, one and a half taels of peony, one tael of cypress, wine, file, fried yellow.
On (mouth father) chew, each serving scale three money, water two, remove the dregs, hot, lying down, near the fifth night and then decocted to take it, get to sleep more wonderful.
Its quadrilateral: help Yang to invigorate blood soup (called “help Yang and blood soup” in the “Secret Collection of the Orchid Room” and “help Yang and blood to replenish qi soup” in the “Treatise on the Spleen and Stomach”): after the development of the eye, especially the upper heat, white eyes red, hidden moisture difficult to open, sleep more mucous tears. The “Spleen and Stomach” and pointed out that “this serving bitter cold medicine is too much, the true qi can not pass nine orifices also, so the eyes faint flowers unknown.”
Fangfeng, Huangqi, roasted licorice half a cent each. The two points of the bramble seeds, angelica body wine, half a penny, dahurica three points, seven points of hemp, Chai Hu five points.
The first three parties are to ginseng, astragalus, grass and supplement the qi deficiency, such as the yuan qi has been supplemented, the accumulation in the chest can not ascend and transport is also no work, so the first two prescriptions alone to the wind medicine vajra will be clear Yang qi upward and treat eye disease, that is, “the atmosphere a turn, the qi is dispersed” meaning. The latter formula is supplemented by Shengma and Ge Gen to help lift the sunken Yang Qi. The fourth formula uses Astragalus to replenish vital energy and Angelica to replenish Yin and Blood, which is “Yang born in Yin” to help its Qi. Fangfeng, Manchuria and Angelica dahurica dispel wind and raise Yang. Shengma ascends Yangming meridian qi and Chai Hu ascends Shaoyang meridian qi to nourish and brighten the eyes. It can be seen that the three levels of Dong Yuan’s formula, i.e. benefitting Qi, raising Yang, and lifting trapped can achieve three different effects. This gives us a good inspiration to summarize the common method of tonifying liver, kidney, essence and blood in ophthalmology as the unique theory of “benefitting essence, raising yin and convergence”.
1.2 Zhang Xichun developed the theory of “lifting and trapping”.
Zhang Xicun, a famous doctor in modern times, understood the essence of Dong Yuan’s “benefitting qi and raising yang”, and created the “treatment of atmospheric subsidence formula” in clinical practice, such as “Lifting trap soup”, “Lifting trap soup”, “Lifting trap soup”, and “Lifting trap soup”.
Now the “ascending trap Tang”: treatment of atmospheric trapping in the chest, short of breath is not enough to breathe, or efforts to breathe, there seems to be wheezing; or breath will stop, the danger in a moment …… its pulse is sunken and weak, especially in front of the Guan. The six veins do not fit together, or the ginseng is not adjusted.
The actual astragalus is six money, Zhi Mu three money, Chai Hu one money and a half, Mandarin one money and a half, Sheng Ma one money.
Qi deficiency extreme sinkers, discretionary addition of human parameters money, or add cornelian meat a few money, to astringent Qi dissipation, so that the ascending does not return to the trapped better.
Ascending trap soup with astragalus as the main, because astragalus is good at both replenishing and ascending, …. But its nature is hot, so the Zhi Mu cool moisteners to help. The drug Chai Hu for Shaoyang, can lead the atmosphere of the trapped from the left up. The medicine is the oar of the medicine, which can carry the power of all the medicines up to the chest, so it is used as a guide. For those who are deficient in qi, add ginseng as appropriate, so as to cultivate the essence of qi. Or more cornelian, so prevent the laxity of gas.
Zhang’s elaboration can be said to be based on Li Dong Yuan’s formula of tonifying Zhong Yi Qi Tang, in the treatment of clinical critical illnesses, the theory of “benefitting Qi, raising Yang, lifting trapped” further develops Dong Yuan’s academic thought of “benefitting Qi and raising Yang”, and has inherited and innovated.
2. Treatment methods of benefiting essence, raising yin, and convergence.
2.1 The importance of the treatment method of benefitting essence and raising yin.
One is that the body is out of order, clinically it is common to see some patients who are strong and have no disease, the six veins are calm, but only the eyes do not see the figure moving, there is no evidence of the rest, it is not the liver and kidney deficiency, the essence and blood deficiency, but the essence and blood in the meridians in the Xuanfu is not enough, the lift is not in harmony.
The second is the depletion of the essence and blood stored in the liver and kidneys, or even the danger of dissipation, without the essence and blood rising and moving to nourish the head and eyes, or with the above-mentioned weakening of the machine of the meridians and metaphysical offices, resulting in dimming of the eyes. These two pathologies are caused by the application of essence and yin as the main method of treatment, and guide the selection of prescriptions and medicine, in order to achieve the desired effect of treatment.
The relationship between essence blood and eye, the relationship between essence blood and general essence blood in the “review of the Yaohuan” “eye as the most precious theory” has been elaborated: “true blood, that is, liver in the ascending transport in the eye, light and clear blood, is nourishing the eye meridian blood, this blood is not than the blood between the muscle turbid easy to travel, because of its light and clear upward in high and difficult to obtain, so it is called true. Therefore, it is called true”, “true essence is the successive two days of the essence of the qi first in the kidneys, the second and gallbladder, and then to the pupil. Where this number of a loss, the eye disease is carried forward.” Thus, it seems that the essence and blood of the liver and kidney and the essence and blood of the meridians in the eyes are still somewhat different in terms of clarity and turbidity, lightness and heaviness. Therefore, it is important to add appropriate drugs to the method of supplementing essence and blood to stimulate or promote the ascension of essence and blood, so that the light, clear and easy to move essence and blood can be transferred to the eyes to achieve the effect of brightening the eyes and dispelling cataracts.
2.2 Origin of the treatment method of benefiting essence and raising Yin.
The treatment method of “promoting the essence and rising the yin” has not been mentioned by previous authors, but its spirit has actually been found in prescription books. The earliest known from the analysis of the formula of Mingmu Dihuang Wan (also called “Mingmu Dihuang Wan” in later times) in the Song Dynasty’s Taiping Huimin Hodong Bureau Formula.
2.2.1 The main treatment and composition of Mingmu Dihuangwan.
The original text of Mingmu Dihuang Wan: tonifying the liver and benefiting the kidney, expelling wind and brightening the eyes. It is used to treat men and women with accumulated heat in the liver, liver deficiency and darkness of the eyes, membrane into the water wheel, ophthalmia and tears, black flowers in the eyes, unclear vision, cataracts and kidney exhaustion, deficiency heat in the liver, and red eyes with recent fever in remote years. It also treats dry and wet feet, eliminating thirst in the middle and all wind and other diseases, which are caused by deficiency of kidney energy, but taking this can nourish the liver and benefit the kidney, drive away the wind and brighten the eyes, and its effect cannot be described.
The above is a fine powder, refined honey for the pill, such as wutongzi large, 30 pills per serving, empty heart before eating warm wine swallowed, or with rice drink, salt soup can also be, avoid all moving wind poison and other things.
2.2.2 Bright Eyes Dihuang Pill functions to benefit essence and promote Yin.
The composition of Mingmu Dihuangwan is only 7 flavors, but its formula meaning is not easy to elaborate, in fact, the real significance is that it shows the creativity of the method of “benefitting essence and raising yin”. Now from the composition of the formula to discuss the meaning of the formula is as follows.
Jun medicine: Shu Di Huang and Sheng Di Huang.
Radix Rehmanniae is sweet and slightly warm, nourishes blood and essence, nourishes the kidney and liver. The two herbs are combined to treat the deficiency of essence and blood in liver and kidney, and the deficiency of yin and fire, with the meaning of water and fire.
The medicine: Dendrobium cinchona.
Dendrobium is sweet and cool, nourishes yin and stomach, benefits essence and tonifies kidney, helps the monarch nourish yin and lower fire.
Almond is bitter and warm, with the function of expectorant and cough, calming asthma and moistening intestines. Its characteristics can manage the stagnation of Qi between the chest and diaphragm, so the upper can lower the Qi rebellion and asthma, and the lower can pass the large intestine Qi constipation. “Changsha Drug Solution”: “almond dredge open, breaking congestion and lowering rebellion, good at opening paralysis and relieving asthma, reduce swelling and moisten dryness, regulate the depression of qi, incomparable easy this.” It can be seen that the main function of almonds in this formula is to ease the congestion of the upper jiao qi.
Citrus aurantium is bitter, pungent and cold, good at opening the chest and widening the intestines, regulating qi and eliminating swelling, so when the chest, diaphragm, cavity and abdomen are stagnant and depressed, when the lifting and lowering of qi is out of order, one of the essence and blood cannot be transferred to the eye orifice, and the other is depressed for a long time, internal heat is generated, which can inflame the eye orifice and burn the Yin essence.
Therefore, Li {(chān) “Introduction to Medicine” says: “…real fire gas has a surplus, it is appropriate to add hedgehog and almond to break the gas in the former wind-heat medicine.” The key to combining with almonds is to de-stagnate the qi of the three jiao, and if the stagnation is cleared up, the fire will descend and quench itself and the essence will rise.
Ox knee is bitter, sour and flat, its main function is to tonify the liver and kidney, strengthen the tendons and bones, disperse blood stasis, and induce the downward movement of the medicine. It is very different from Cuscuta and Lycium, which nourish the liver and kidney, benefit the essence and blood, and brighten the eyes and dispel opacities. However, hyssop can also treat pain in the brain and diseases of the mouth and teeth, so Zhang Xichen elaborated in his “Medical Science and Practice”: “hyssop is also said to remove pain in the brain in the “Other Records”, and it is said to treat mouth sores and tooth pain by Shizhen. The use of Niubizi is used to induce the Qi and Blood to move downward, and to induce the floating fire to move downward, so that it can be cured”, thus indicating that the main function of Niubizi in this formula is to “induce the floating fire to move downward”.
The above three herbs work together to clear the upper, middle and lower jiao, so that those who are stagnant can relieve themselves, those who are light and clear can ascend, those who are heavy and turbid can descend, and those who are deficient in fire can descend and tyrannize. Xue has the press ¡° this out of the sun example and gas medicine also ¡± the way out of this formula to solve the mystery.
Make medicine: wind.
The wind is the wind medicine in the moistening agent, through the treatment of all wind, still has the function of relieving the surface, stopping itching, fixing pain, lifting Yang Qi and so on. In this formula, although it can stop astringent and itchy pain of the eyes, the “astringent and itchy pain of the eyes” is due to deficiency of essence and blood, not the root cause of the problem. Its important meaning is to play a better role with the Jun medicine. Here it plays the role of promoting Yin essence. It can be interpreted from Li Dongyuan’s discussion on wind medicine. The “Spleen and Stomach” in the division of the meridian with the disease system formula said: “the meridian cloud liver and kidney disease the same treatment, for all in the lower jiao, non-wind medicine to travel the meridian can not be.” It can be seen that the wind is used to promote the yin essence of the liver and kidney up to the eye orifice, just like the oar of the orris carrying the medicine upward, playing the role of making medicine.
2.3 The method of benefitting the essence and promoting Yin promotes the medicine for the liver and kidney to reach the disease.
Most of the drugs used in the usual liver and kidney tonics are thick and sweet, heavy and sticky, nourishing and difficult to disperse, and enter the lower jiao to nourish the essence and blood of the liver and kidney. In order to achieve the purpose of entering the lower jiao, the method of taking the medicine often emphasizes taking it after eating or in the evening, and if it is a proprietary medicine, it is recommended to take it with light salt soup. All these are to achieve the best effect of tonifying the essence and blood of liver and kidney. How to make certain drugs stimulate the body’s function, so that the main drugs used can reach the location of the disease, so as to achieve the best effect in the treatment of head and eye diseases is the subject of attention and research in the ophthalmology treatment method.
2.4 The selection of drugs in the method of benefiting the essence and raising the yin.
In the method of promoting yin, the “making medicine” function is to “promote yin” and “converge” function, and the two drugs are selected or combined in the composition of the prescription as appropriate to achieve the best treatment. The purpose is to achieve the best treatment.
2.4.1 The role of wind dispelling medicine in the method of benefiting essence and raising yin.
In eye diseases, whether external or internal obstruction, the principle of treatment for those with deficiency of essence and blood or deficiency of essence and blood is firstly, to nourish essence and blood, so that “when the liver and kidney are full of qi, it is wonderfully bright”; secondly, to promote essence and blood, so that the essence and blood in the lower jiao liver and kidney will rise and rise to the upper orifice of the clear yang, so as to achieve wisdom in the ears and eyes.
The use of wind dispelers and liver and kidney tonics together can help to benefit the essence and promote yin, and in Mingmu Dihuang Pill, “Fangfeng” is the moistening agent in the wind, which promotes yin essence without the harmful effect of dryness and injury to yin. In the “Direct Instruction Formula”, the “Bright Eyes, Raw and Cooked Dihuang Pill” is based on the “Bright Eyes, Raw and Cooked Dihuang Pill” with the addition of Qiangwu and Chrysanthemum, which not only strengthens the function of the wind dispelling medicine to clear heat, but also helps “Fangfeng” to promote the role of Yin essence.
2.4.2 The role of ascending herbs in benefiting essence and raising yin.
Among the ascending herbs are Chai Hu, Ge Gen and Sheng Ma, which are commonly used in clinical practice to benefit Qi and raise Yang, but in fact, they also have the function of raising Yin essence in tonifying Liver, Kidney and Blood.
2.5 Development of “benefitting essence and raising yin” – convergence treatment.
2.5.1 The application of the treatment method of augmentation of Yin and Essence.
When there is a deficiency of yin and blood and the essence is dissipated, the pupil’s spirit is dispersed and the light of the spirit cannot be gathered and wants to be dispersed.
2.5.2 Representative formula of the treatment method of benefiting essence and raising yin to converge.
The typical representative formula of the treatment method of benefiting the essence and raising the yin to converge is Mingmu Dihuang Pill in the “Review of Yaohuan” for the treatment of dimness of vision.
Composition: Shu Di Huang, Sheng Di Huang, Shan Yao, Ze Xie Di, Shan Yu Fei, Mudan Pi, Chai Hu, Fu Shen, Angelica Sinensis, Wu Wei Zi.
The subject medicine: angelica nourishes blood and blood to strengthen the role of the ruler medicine to nourish the essence and blood.
Adjuvant: Wu Wei Zi tonifies the kidney and astringent essence to collect the pupil’s depleted Qi, and makes the eyes wonderful. Complementary to the ruler’s medicine, it tonifies the essence and blood and collects the essence and collects the light that wants to dissipate.
The herbs: Chai Hu has the function of publishing, harmonizing and relieving Shao Yang, draining the liver and relieving depression, etc. Especially Dong Yuan uses it to elevate Yang Qi and treat the evidence of Yang Qi sinking. In this formula, the main function is to dredge the meridian qi of the sympathetic yin, so that the clear and light essence and blood ascending to the eyes as the make. This is the meaning of “Chai Hu is introduced into the sympathetic yin meridian as an ambassador” as explained in “Yi Yin Kidney Qi Pill” in “Original Ji Qi Qi Wei”.
2.6 The application of astringent Yin essence medicine in the method of benefitting essence and raising Yin.
The human pupil is the master of the kidney, filled with essence and nourished by qi. The pupils are scattered, the eyesight is dim, blue-blindness, internal blindness and other diseases, all because the essence is not filled and the qi is not nourished, and even then the essence is dissipated and cannot be gathered, and eventually the light is extinguished. In terms of treatment, not only should a large dose of nourishing liver and kidney medicine, but also to add acid astringent products, such as Cornu Cervi Pantotrichum, Wu Wei Zi, Bai Shao, etc., to collect the dissipated essence. The silver sea essence of “said: the pupil God” open large, acid to converge the “, that is, this meaning.
Cornus officinalis: acid slightly warm, into the liver, kidney meridian. Can tonic liver and kidney, astringent essence, solid deficiency. The medical heart in the ginseng west record: “dogwood, large can astringent, invigorate the spirit, solid astringent slippery, …… astringent in both strip smooth nature, so and open nine orifices, smooth blood.” So in the nourishment of the liver and kidneys, benefit essence nourishing yin agent, to the six flavors of Dihuangwan-based addition and subtraction, Cornus officinalis benefit essence astringent yin, play a positive role.
White peony: taste bitter and sour, cool, into the liver and spleen meridian, with nourishing blood and softening the liver, slowing down the pain, astringent Yin to collect sweat and other functions. The “Materia Medica Seeking Truth” says: “White peony is the liquid that astringes the liver, collects the liver’s qi, and makes the qi not move delusively.” Therefore, it is used to treat headache, bright eyes, red eyes, pterygium, and other eye diseases in the Materia Medica.
Wu Wei Zi: Sour and warm, enters the lung and kidney meridians. It has the functions of astringent to the lung, nourishing the kidney, generating fluid, collecting sweat and astringent to essence. In ophthalmology, it is mainly used to nourish the yin of the liver and kidney and to astringent the dissipated qi of the kidney. Li Dong Yuan in nourishing Yin Di Huang Wan formula said: “Wu Wei Zi acid cold, body light floating, on the collection of the pupil of the dispersed large.”
Other such as raspberry, cherry, gorgonian, etc. are also liver and kidney, solid astringent astringent essence of the product, can be used as appropriate.
3. Conclusion.
Li Dongyuan first created the treatment method of “benefitting qi and raising yang”, and made many kinds of prescriptions, which were widely used in later clinical practice with outstanding efficacy. In modern times, Mr. Zhang Xichuan, a famous doctor, based on the essence of “benefitting qi and raising yang”, created the method of “lifting traps” in clinical practice, and created the “formula for treating atmospheric traps” under the guidance of this theory. Under the guidance of this theory, he created the “formula for treating the sinking of the atmosphere”, which is commonly used in the medical field today.
Inspired by the theory of “benefitting qi to raise yang and lifting sunkenness”, he explored the application of the theory of “benefitting essence to raise yin” and found that “Mingmu Dihuang Wan” of the Bureau of Recipe has the ability to “We found that “Mingmu Dihuang Wan” in “Bureau Formula” has the creative idea of “benefitting essence and raising yin” theory. The development of “benefitting essence, raising yin and astringency”. The theory of this treatment has positive clinical significance in the treatment of critical eye diseases such as dimness of vision and blue-blindness and cataracts, which are caused by the loss of essence and blood in the liver and kidney and the dispersion of light.
The method of “benefitting essence, raising yin, and convergence” should be included in the unique treatment method of TCM ophthalmology, from unconscious clinical use to conscious theoretically guided purposeful application, so as to achieve better clinical treatment results.