Differences in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

  CHUV is one of the top five hospitals in Switzerland, and orthopedics is one of the top departments in the country. Arthroscopic surgery was performed here very early, and the equipment is very advanced, with high-definition imaging systems, and the instruments are very well equipped compared to those in China.  The arthroscopic technology here is comparable to international technology and ours, but there are still minor differences. The anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (1) Tendon: the quadriceps tendon was used as the main tendon. The bone end is implanted at the tibial end and the tendon end is implanted at the femoral end. They also use a slapped cord tendon, but believe that this tendon has better bone strength for young people, but they have not performed a comparative study on this. This also seems to be the mainstay of international use of the slapped cord tendon, and the complications of this approach, such as decreased thigh muscle strength and postoperative pain in patients, cannot be ignored.  (2) Bone tract positioning: the femoral bone tract, located above the posterior aspect of the resident’s crest, is basically similar to our anatomical position of AM; the tibial bone tract, located on the lateral meniscus extension line, is 7 mm in front of the posterior cruciate ligament; the more special is the drilling of the femoral bone tract from the posterior aspect of the femur to make an incision outside the body, and the special positioner drills from outside the joint to inside the joint. This is a more popular method abroad. The advantage is that it allows positioning of the external femoral tract, but the disadvantage is that it requires an additional incision on the lateral side of the femur, which is not very aesthetic and increases the incision.  (3) Fixation: Instead of using the button plate we used, biodegradable interface screws were used, both on the femoral side and the tibial side. In addition, after fixation with the interface screws, a metal steel nail was placed on the femoral side and the tendon fixation wire was tethered to the nail. On the tibial side, a V-shaped channel is drilled through the tibial slapped tendon, and the wire is passed through the channel and knotted. This technique increases stability but also increases the cost and time of the procedure, adds an additional screw to the body, and, in addition, has a larger incision.  In general, the concept of the ACL reconstruction technique here is the same as ours, and there are no essential differences in terms of indications for surgery, principles of surgical reconstruction, etc., except for minor differences in the method and instruments used.