Points to note before rehabilitation: 1. Anterior knee pain that exists during functional exercises is unavoidable. If the pain can subside to the original level within half an hour of stopping the exercise, there will be no damage to the tissue and it should be tolerated. 2, plyometric exercises should be concentrated until the muscles are sore and fatigued, and then proceed to the next group after sufficient rest. The number of exercises, time, load depends on their own situation, and should be practiced on the healthy side at the same time. The improvement of muscle strength and muscle capacity is the key factor of joint stability, hope to practice seriously. 3, in addition to the surgical limb braking protection, the rest of the body parts (such as the upper limb, waist and abdomen, the healthy side of the leg, etc.) should be practiced as much as possible to ensure the quality of the body, improve the overall circulation and metabolism, and promote the recovery of the surgical localization. 4, early joint mobility (flexion, extension) exercises, only once a day, and strive to improve the angle can be, avoid repeated flexion and extension, multiple exercises. If there is no progress in flexion angle for a long time (>2 weeks), there is a possibility of joint adhesion, so it should be highly valued and consult the attending doctor in time. 5. Apply ice packs for 20~25 minutes each time, 4~6 times a day. If the joint is usually swollen and warm, the number of ice packs can be increased appropriately. It can be increased 1 time after exercise. 6. Swelling of the joints will accompany the entire exercise process, swelling does not increase with the angle of the exercise and the increase in the amount of activity is a normal phenomenon, until the angle and the muscle strength of the basic return to normal swelling will gradually subside. Sudden increase in swelling should be adjusted exercises, reduce the amount of activity, and in serious cases, consult the attending physician. Rehabilitation procedures I. Early stage: edema-inflammatory reaction period (0~2 weeks) Purpose: to reduce pain and swelling; early muscle strength exercises; early weight bearing; early mobility exercises to avoid adhesion and muscle atrophy. (i) On the day of surgery: after the anesthesia subsides, start to move the toes and ankle joint; if the pain is not obvious, try to contract the quadriceps muscle. That is, the anterior thigh muscles are tensed and relaxed. (ii) 1 day after surgery: 24 hours after surgery, you can walk without the affected limb on the ground with the help of two crutches (go to the restroom only!) 1. Ankle pump: Flex the ankle joint hard, slow, full range flexion and extension as much as possible. (Important for promoting circulation, reducing swelling, and preventing deep vein thrombosis.) 2. Quadriceps (anterior thigh muscles) isometric exercises: i.e., tensing and relaxing the thigh muscles. Do as many as possible without increasing pain, greater than 500 times/day. 3. Isometric exercises for the posterior thigh muscles: the affected leg is pressed down hard on the pillow, so that the posterior thigh muscles are tensed and relaxed, more than 500 times/day. 4, the correct position: the affected leg elevated on the pillow, toes to the top, not crooked to one side, below the knee should be empty, do not use pillows to cushion the leg into a slightly curved position. If the pain is intolerable, the leg should be placed in a comfortable position under the guidance of the doctor. 5, start to try to straighten the leg lift: fully straighten the leg lift to the heel of the foot 15M from the bed, hold until exhaustion. 10 times / group, 2 ~ 3 groups / day. (iii) 2 days postoperatively: remove the drainage tube, remove the cotton leg, and install the chuck support (0° position fixation), noting that padding must be added in front of the tibia of the support in order to allow the tibia to be pushed backward to reduce the tension on the reconstructed ligaments. However, it is necessary to prevent compression of the common peroneal nerve behind the upper tibia. 1.Continue straight leg raising exercises, 20 times/set, 2~3 sets/day. 2.Ankle pump is changed to anti-gravity exercises (can be assisted by others or hold the thigh with hands). It can effectively prevent swelling every time you get out of bed. 3.Start lateral leg raising exercises: 20 times/group, 2~4 groups/day, rest 30 seconds between groups. 4.Start rear leg lifting exercise: prone position, the affected leg is straightened and lifted backward until the toe of the foot is 5 cm away from the bed for 1 time, 20 times/group, 2~3 groups/day, with 30 seconds of rest between groups. (iv) 3 days after surgery: 1, continue the above exercises, the number of leg lifts in each direction increases by 5~10 times per day. 2, weight-bearing exercises: separate the feet under protection, move the center of gravity alternately from side to side within the range of micro-pain, and strive to be able to achieve single-leg full weight-bearing standing, 5 minutes/time, 2 times/day. (3) Balance exercise: Separate the feet anteriorly and posteriorly, move the center of gravity, and strive to achieve full weight-bearing standing on one leg. (v) 4 days after surgery: according to the situation, the doctor will decide to start joint mobility exercises. 1.Continue the above exercises. 2. Strengthen the weight-bearing and balance exercises, gradually until the affected leg can stand on one foot. 3. Start flexion exercises: Remove the support and sit on the edge of the bed, hang below the knee outside the bed, and flex to the maximum within the range of 0°~90° for one time. But not more than 90°. Stretching exercises: Remove the support, put a pillow at the heel, make the affected leg N fossa completely leave the bed, relax the muscles to make the knee joint straight naturally. (Very important to prevent lameness) 3 times/day (vi) 5 days after surgery: 1. Continue to strengthen the above exercises of weight bearing, balance, flexion and extension of the leg. 2. 2. Continue to practice maximum flexion in the range of 0°~90° once a day. (vii) 1~2 weeks postoperatively: (Progress of flexion angle varies according to individual differences.) 1. Continue to strengthen the above exercises of weight bearing, balance, flexion and extension of the leg. 2.Continue to practice maximum flexion within the range of 0°~90° once a day, and strive for active flexion up to 90° by 2 weeks later. 3.Knee joint functional brace should be kept fixed in the straight position (i.e. 0°) for 2 weeks, and 15° should be added every week. Second, the initial period: protective rehabilitation training period (3~8 weeks) Purpose: to strengthen the mobility and muscle strength exercises: improve joint control and stability; gradually improve gait. (i) 3 weeks postoperatively: 1. Passive flexion to 90°~110°. 2.Strengthen active flexion and extension exercises and strengthen muscle strength exercises. (Straight leg raising can be done on the thigh side with weight as load). 3.If you can stand on one foot for 1 minute, you can walk with a single crutch and walk indoors without crutches. (ii) 4~5 weeks postoperatively: (Sleeping without support) 1. Passive flexion exercises up to 110°~120°. 2. 2.Adjust the brace to walk in the range of 0°~30°, and try to walk with normal gait. 3.Start anterior-posterior and lateral stride exercises, with the affected leg bearing weight on the anterior and stride-out side. (iii) 6~8 weeks after surgery: this is the period when the reconstructed ligament is relatively weak, and protective rehabilitation training is the main focus, with the flexion range maintained at 120° or less, and all the motion stops lagging at the level of 5 weeks ago. Intermediate period: Strengthening muscle training period (9~12 weeks) Objective: To strengthen the joint mobility to the same level as that of the healthy side. Strengthen muscle strength and improve joint stability. Restore the ability of daily life activities. (i) 9~11 weeks after operation: 1. Passive flexion up to 120°~130°. 2. 2. Adjust the knee functional support to move within 0~60°, and perform static squatting exercises under the protection of the support. (ii) 12~14 weeks postoperatively: 1. The passive flexion angle gradually reaches the same as that of the healthy side. 2. After the “seated knee hold” is exactly the same as the healthy leg, full squatting under protection will be started gradually. 3.Strengthen the muscle strength, but not increase the load, only increase the angle, frequency and time of the exercise. (iii) 15 weeks to 3 months after surgery: 1. Active knee flexion and extension angles were basically the same as the healthy side, and there was no obvious pain. 2, daily prone position flexion so that the heel touches the buttocks, continuous stretching for 10 minutes/time. 3.After the sitting position holding the knee angle is exactly the same as the healthy side, start kneeling exercises. 4.Start pedaling exercises. Fourth, late: (3 months ~ 6 months) (can remove the support) Purpose: full recovery of daily life activities, strengthen muscle strength and joint stability. In the later stage, to improve the maximum strength, use a large load (to complete 12 movements, that is, the load of fatigue), 8-12 times / group, 2-4 groups of continuous exercises, rest 90 seconds between groups, until fatigue. 1 knee exercises 2 jumping up and down exercises, 3 lateral jumping exercises 4 swimming (early prohibited breaststroke), jumping rope and jogging. 5 exercise, jumping rope and jogging. 5 exercise. Rope skipping and jogging.5 Athletes start special exercises for base movements.6 Treadle exercises (for proprioceptive recovery) V. Recovery Exercise Period: (7 months~1 year) Purpose: To strengthen the muscle strength exercises in sports and the stability of joints in running and jumping. Gradually resume general sports activities. Sixth, the full restoration of sports: (after 1 year)