Indications and principles of interventional treatment for uterine fibroids

  Indications: Submucosal and intermuscular tumors of the uterus can be treated by uterine artery embolization, while subplasmalemma myoma cannot be embolized; Methods and principles: Uterine myoma is supplied by uterine artery, and bilateral uterine artery embolization by femoral artery puncture can block the blood supply to the tumor, causing it to atrophy and necrosis, thus preserving the normal uterus.  However, since the uterine blood supply is very rich, permanent embolization of the uterine artery usually does not cause ischemic necrosis of the uterus, and the embolic particles are mainly deposited in the blood supply artery of the fibroid to reduce the blood supply of the fibroid and shrink the fibroid to the purpose. On average, it takes 2-3 months for the fibroids to shrink after embolization, so its effect is not immediate.  The effect for reducing bleeding is very rapid and obvious, but for reducing local pressure symptoms (such as pelvic cramps, urinary frequency, constipation, etc.) it takes several months. The fibroids may recur after embolization, with an average recurrence rate of about 15% over 3 years. Embolization can also be done for large myomas, but the reaction after embolization can be severe, mainly postoperative pain and fever, which usually disappears about 1 week after surgery.