A retrospective analysis of the perioperative treatment of low birth weight infants with surgical malformations over a 10-year period was performed to provide information to further improve the cure rate of low birth weight infants with surgical malformations. Methods During the period from January 1996 to August 2006, the hospital? s Pediatric Surgery Center admitted a total of 104 cases of surgically malformed low birth weight infants, 69 males and 35 females, with a mean birth weight of (2244±261) g (1,040-2490 g) and a mean gestational age of 36+1 weeks. They were divided into a total of 34 cases before 2000 (group A) and 70 cases after 2001 (group B). The overall cure rate was 67.3%. 41 children were mechanically ventilated, and the average duration of mechanical ventilation was 6.2 d. 45 children were treated with total parenteral nutrition (TPN), and the average duration of TPN application was 9.5 d. The cure rate of group A was 58.8%, 12 children were mechanically ventilated, and the average duration of mechanical ventilation was 3.2 The cure rate of group B was 71.4%, 29 children were mechanically ventilated, and the average duration of mechanical ventilation was 8.4 d; 38 children were mechanically ventilated, and the average duration of TPN application was 19.4 d. Comparing the morbidity, cure rate, and basic perioperative management of the two groups, the two groups showed good results in terms of cure rate, mechanical ventilation and TPN use, and average duration of TPN application. use rate, mean time of mechanical ventilation and mean time of TPN application were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion The application of reasonable, standardized and effective respiratory management and nutritional support in the perioperative period can improve the cure rate of low-birth-weight infants with malformations.