Viral infections can be treated with antiviral drugs such as nucleosides, non-nucleosides, immunomodulators and polysaccharides.
Clinical self-limiting diseases caused by viral infections, such as upper respiratory tract infections, are mostly treated symptomatically, and antipyretic drugs can be used for those with fever. For more serious viral infections, as well as HIV, herpes virus and other non-self-limiting diseases, antiviral drugs can be used.
1. Nucleoside analogues: such as ribavirin impairs viral RNA and protein synthesis, so that the replication and transmission of the virus is inhibited, applicable to respiratory syncytial virus-induced viral pneumonia and bronchitis; entecavir can be used for chronic adult hepatitis B treatment.
2. Non-nucleoside analogues: such as oral amantadine tablets, sodium phosphonate injection, etc. Amantadine is a kind of ion channel inhibitor, which was applied to anti-influenza virus in the early stage. Sodium phosphonate for injection has a wide antiviral spectrum and can be used for cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus infections.
3. Immunomodulatory class: including interferon, transfer factor and interleukin-2, etc., mainly through the inhibition of viral proliferation, growth, replication and enhancement of immunity to achieve antiviral effects.
4. Polysaccharides: such as mannan, etc., can enhance the patient’s immunity, but also can directly inhibit viral activity or inhibit viral replication.
If the viral infection is not controlled after using the medication, you should consult a doctor in time, who will combine the symptoms, medical history and auxiliary examination results to clarify the cause of the disease and provide symptomatic treatment.