Parents still need to pay attention to observational care and regular review in order to let their children recover as soon as possible with less pain and reduce the risk of infection. Regular review to prevent infection! Generally speaking, it is important to pay attention to the occurrence of urinary tract infections after surgery to place an internal stent tube (an internal stent tube inside the renal pelvis and ureter to drain the urine). Of course, the younger the child, the higher the probability of infection and the more serious it is, which is something that parents need to pay attention to. After the operation, we should check the urine routine regularly to see if there is any infection; one month after the operation, we should go back to the hospital to review the ultrasound and remove the internal stent tube; two or three months after the operation, we should check the ultrasound again; 6~12 months after the operation, we should do the dynamic nephrogram to see the effect of the operation. Generally, a nephrogram examination six months after surgery can show the initial effect of surgery and the recovery of kidney function. Observe regularly and feed more water! Avoiding urinary tract infection is a big thing after hydrocele surgery, parents should let their children drink more water; young boys must wash their glans every day to avoid infection. In addition, pay attention to the child’s performance, because the performance of children, especially month-old children with urinary tract infection is different from that of adults. In addition to fever, children will also have loss of appetite, irritability, vomiting and other performance. Once a child has these symptoms, parents must be extra careful, there is a possibility that the infection is present. Regular routine urine examination is an effective way to detect urinary tract infection in time. After surgery, kidney function recovery is not that fast! Many parents think that their children will be all well at once after surgery, the symptoms will disappear and the kidney function will recover, but in fact, it is not that fast. Generally 6~12 months after the surgery, we need to do kidney chart again to see the effect of the surgery. Whether the disease is cured or not should be seen from two aspects, from the symptoms, the symptoms such as back pain, hematuria, stomach pain, vomiting and so on must be gone after surgery, and the symptoms are cured when they disappear; secondly, from the aspect of kidney, ultrasound and renal chart should be done after surgery to see the hydronephrosis and kidney function. However, very few children may still have dilated renal pelvis, for example, the original pelvis diameter is 40 mm, but after surgery, the pelvis diameter is 20 mm, and the kidney function has been 30%-40%, which is needed to recover slowly. Many parents find that one month after surgery, the child does not disappear from the ultrasound to see the hydronephrosis, so they are very worried. In fact, this is a normal phenomenon, parents do not need to worry too much, the child will slowly recover. Generally speaking, hydrocele should be followed up and observed for two years after surgery, and all indicators will recover slowly, what kind of recovery is what kind of recovery at two years after surgery, which we call stereotypical period means two years after surgery.