Why is single-bundle ACL reconstruction more likely to fail?

  Due to the increasing understanding of the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee, the techniques of cruciate ligament reconstruction have changed as well. After 30 years of development, various techniques have emerged. In the case of the femoral stop, there are the classic ones such as single bundle over the top position, anatomic single bundle, anatomic double bundle, high anterior internal bundle and deep anterior internal bundle. In the last two years, elliptical single bundles have emerged. The positioning of these femoral stops covers almost the posterior inferior half of the lateral wall of the intercondylar fossa of the femur, giving the impression that as long as it is positioned in the posterior inferior portion of the lateral wall of the intercondylar fossa of the femur, it is either in accordance with this theory or that theory, or it is right.  But God is serious and will not let everyone’s ACL femoral stop attach at random over that wide range. Because a ligament that attaches haphazardly is bound to tear during knee motion.  Let me show you an example today. The patient had this surgery at a hospital, and after the surgery, he still felt that the joint was loose and he could not use his strength. The 3D CT showed that the femoral stop of his new ACL was in the intercondylar fossa just in front of the median lamina, about 1 cm from what we understand to be the femoral stop of the ACL. Such a procedure would most likely fail, only to be followed by reoperation to reconstruct an anatomically correct ligament. The yellow oval in the figure shows the correct ACL femoral stop, while the hole indicated by the red arrow is the misaligned stop.