Among sexually transmitted diseases, chlamydia is the most common in young women and also places a heavy burden on men, with tens of millions of people worldwide infected with chlamydia each year. Despite its original poetic name “miyagawanella”, chlamydia is an extremely hidden and dangerous pathogenic microorganism that can cause damage to organs and tissues, including the genitourinary system, and is often associated with a variety of complex complications. Therefore, chlamydia is a serious public health problem and the risk to human health should not be underestimated. Chlamydia is widely found in nature, mainly in humans, birds and mammals. Chlamydia has a number of “siblings”, and those that have the ability to cause disease in humans are Chlamydia trachomatis, Chlamydia pneumoniae and Chlamydia psittaci. The ocular Chlamydia trachomatis mainly causes conjunctivitis and other eye infections, while the genitourinary Chlamydia trachomatis causes genitourinary infections and a variety of complications, and is the most dangerous to human health. Chlamydia is a spherical microscopic particle with a diameter of 0.2~0.3 μm, which can barely be seen under an ordinary light microscope, and is different from both bacteria and viruses. It does not synthesize its own nutrients like bacteria, so it can only reside in human cells, but has a similar cell wall unlike viruses. This tiny disease-causing particle has unusual biological properties, it invades the body into the cell, where it “eats and drinks” and multiplies until the cell “bursts” and disintegrates, causing serious damage to tissues and organs, and then its thousands of Then its thousands of children and grandchildren enter the bloodstream, thus creating a strong infectious ability, and then enter the cells to draw nutrients. In this way, every 48 to 72 hours is a reproductive cycle. Even more sinister is that whenever there are unfavorable conditions such as antibacterial drugs and enhanced immunity, Chlamydia will be in a state of “fake death”. In the body latent down, waiting for the right time to improve the conditions of survival, it will come back, which caused many patients with the disease is delayed or become chronic, so that recovery becomes a long way off. In recent years, chlamydial infections have become rapidly prevalent worldwide and are a prominent component of human infectious disease. There are 90 million new cases of chlamydial infection worldwide each year, including 5 million in the United States and 10 million in Western Europe. Chlamydia is extremely common in both developed and developing countries, with the number of gonorrhea cases gradually decreasing in many countries, while the number of Chlamydia trachomatis infections is increasing every year. In Russia, the prevalence of Chlamydia infection among sexually active healthy women ranges from 8% to 40%, with an average of 15% and close to 10% in men. Genitourinary tract infections caused by Chlamydia also occupy the first place among sexually transmitted diseases in our country. It is generally accepted that young and middle-aged people who are sexually active, multiple partners, homosexuals, those with low levels of education and, of course, prostitutes, tend to be the most prevalent group of such infections. The spread of chlamydia in recent years has also been associated with an increase in many undiagnosed and atypical cases as well as other somatic diseases. It is noteworthy that 67% of men and 46% of women who are infected have no clinical symptoms and are unaware of their infection, but can transmit chlamydia to their spouse or partner. They can remain “infected” for months or even years. For this reason, chlamydia is also known as the “silent epidemic” in the English Wiktionary. In fact, it is for this reason that the spread of chlamydia has become more insidious and more rapid. In men, chlamydia first causes urethritis, which then spreads upward to cause prostatitis. Testicular and epididymitis can also cause obstruction of the vas deferens leading to azoospermia. Chlamydia infects the seminal tract, seminal vesicles and testes, and can affect the quality of sperm and semen causing infertility. In women, chlamydia can invade the urethra, cervix and vestibular glands, causing corresponding inflammation in these areas; the infection can spread upward to cause endometritis, pelvic inflammatory disease and tubal inflammatory disease, especially tubal inflammatory disease, and become an important cause of infertility. In the cervical mucus and semen of infertile couples, the culture positivity rate of Chlamydia can be as high as 50% or more, so these infected women are also more prone to miscarriage and ectopic pregnancy. In addition, for those who are immunocompromised, chlamydia can be found in the bones and joints, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, heart and blood vessels, eyes, ears and teeth. Traces of Chlamydia and the damage it causes in these tissues and organs can be found. Prevention tips: learn the necessary knowledge and take the initiative to prevent and control infections; establish the concept of safe sex and use condoms for high-risk sex; early detection, early diagnosis, early treatment, and insist on the full course and dosage of medication; husband and wife should be investigated and treated together, and sexual intercourse should be strictly prohibited during treatment to prevent cross-infection between husband and wife; under the guidance of a doctor, choose and use medication reasonably, and do drug sensitivity tests first if necessary; for possible The infection of other organs and tissues should also be vigilant to prevent delay; timely re-examination to keep track of the disease, and only when the re-examination is negative for three times will the disease be considered cured; pay attention to the prevention and treatment of women in the perinatal period and during pregnancy and delivery to prevent fetal and infant infections.