The main cause of snoring in children is the narrowing of the nasopharynx caused by the enlargement of adenoids, resulting in nasal ventilation obstruction and blockage of the pharyngeal orifice of the eustachian tube. Adenoids, also called pharyngeal tonsils or proliferators, are located at the top of the nasopharynx and the posterior wall of the pharynx, and belong to the lymphatic tissue, with an orange flap-like surface. During the normal physiological growth period, most children do not have symptoms of respiratory obstruction, but when the adenoids become abnormally enlarged and hypertrophied, they block the upper respiratory tract, and during inspiration during sleep, the muscle tone of the pharyngeal wall is insufficient to maintain the opening of the pharyngeal airway, so that the negative pressure in the pharyngeal cavity exceeds the ability of the pharyngeal wall to resist collapse, resulting in collapse of the upper respiratory tract, obstruction, and even apnea. It manifests as intermittent or persistent nasal congestion, mostly breathing through the mouth. There is a large amount of nasal secretions and an occlusive nasal sound. The symptoms of nasal congestion and open-mouth breathing will occur in severe cases of apnea, especially at night, and the child often turns over from time to time, more obvious when lying on his back. Due to the obstruction of respiratory gas exchange during sleep, the blood oxygen level decreases and the brain is in a state of chronic and continuous oxygen deprivation, resulting in poor mental health, memory loss, mental retardation, personality variation and impaired recognition and behavior. Long-term nasal blockage, poor breathing and excessive pressure in the chest cavity of snoring children can easily lead to primary hypertension and changes in cardiac function, which can cause pulmonary heart disease, myocardial damage, and even right ventricular heart failure in severe cases. Due to the nasal blockage and poor breathing, long-term open-mouth breathing can also affect the development of the jaws and face, forming a special face, the so-called “adenoid face”, which is characterized by an upturned upper lip, bared upper teeth, a high palate and a dull expression. In some children, nasal blockage can also affect the pronunciation, forming an occlusive nasal voice, and in some children, adenoid hypertrophy can compress the nasopharyngeal opening of the eustachian tube, leading to otitis media and hearing loss. All of the above factors have a negative impact on children’s IQ development. It has been found that snoring seriously affects children’s IQ, and the overall IQ level of children with snoring is lower than that of normal children. In the distribution of IQ level, there is no significant difference in the proportion of normal IQ in the two groups, which indicates that snoring has an important influence on children’s IQ development and is likely to cause low IQ, and the mechanism may be that snoring causes hypoxemia and hypercapnia during sleep due to partial or complete upper airway obstruction, which directly leads to insufficient oxygen supply for brain development and reduces the secretion of growth-promoting hormone, while children sleep longer and are in the process of neurodevelopment. Longer sleep time and in the important stage of neurodevelopment, prolonged hypoxia and hypercapnia have an impact on the cardiopulmonary function of the affected children and lead to neurological damage through direct and indirect effects, affecting the height and IQ of children and having some impact on the future life of children.