Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a relatively common disease, clinically characterized by snoring, apnea, daytime sleepiness, and its repeated episodes of apnea can lead to hypoxemia and hypercapnia, which can be secondary to hypertension, coronary heart disease, pulmonary heart disease and other serious cardiovascular and cerebral vascular diseases, and even more so, it can lead to sudden death at night during sleep. In the past, it has not attracted enough attention, but with the improvement of living standards and people’s health requirements, extensive research has been carried out in the late 1980s in China, which has led to a deeper understanding of its etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment. From May to June 2001, 6 cases of OSAHS were admitted to our hospital, and all of them were treated with uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP), which is widely performed in China, and achieved good therapeutic effects, as reported below. Yu Guojie, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China 1 Clinical data 1.1 General information 6 cases of OSAHS patients were male, age (39-74) years old, average age 56.50 years old, body weight of 71-93Kg, average of 82.1kg, height of 160-175cm, average of 167.50cm. 6 cases with an average BMI of 49%, exceeding the normal value of 25%, are all for UPPP. The average body mass index (BMI) of the six cases was 49%, which exceeded the normal value by 25%, and all of them were obese. All of them showed snoring and repeated apnea during night sleep, tiredness and drowsiness during daytime, seriously affecting work and study. 5 cases were first diagnosed, of which 1 case was the oldest 74 years old, who had come to the respiratory medicine department of our hospital twice to make clear diagnosis and take medication and symptomatic treatment failed, and due to the apnea for a long time and sputum could not be coughed out, lethargy, and take tracheotomy and then put on the ventilator treatment, accompanied by hyponatremia, tachycardia (ECG suggests that ventricular heartbeat was not normal), with a low heartbeat. ECG suggests ventricular tachycardia), the condition is stable and then transferred to our department for surgical treatment. 4 cases have obvious memory loss, 3 cases with hypertension, 1 case with arrhythmia. Local signs: all patients had narrow pharyngeal cavity, hypertrophy, flaccidity and sagging of soft palate, enlarged tonsils in 3 cases, thick and long uvula in 4 cases, hypertrophy of tongue in 4 cases, hypertrophy of lateral pharyngeal cord in 3 cases, and short and thick neck in 5 cases. NELLCOR PURITAN BENNETT NPB-4000C oxygen saturation, respiration, cardiac monitor from the United States was used for the first two consecutive nights of measurement: the apnea and hypoventilation index (AHI) index of each hour of 7-hour sleep was recorded to be >5 at night. The AHI index was >5 during 7 hours of sleep at night, with each pause lasting more than 10 seconds, the longest pause lasting 96 seconds, and the oxygen saturation (SaO2) being 39% at the lowest point, except for central apnea and simple snoring, which belonged to the obstructive OSAS. 1.2 Surgical methods Six patients were operated by naso-nasopharyngeal-tracheal intubation (except for one case, which was directly connected to the endotracheal tube) with general anesthesia and respiratory cardioplegia monitoring, with the head in an over-extended position and the cotter fully exposing the pharyngeal cavity. The cotector fully exposes the pharyngeal cavity, removes the bilateral tonsils by conventional stripping method, and stops bleeding by thorough compression, and cuts the mucosa of the soft palate with a “V” incision at 1.5 cm on both sides of the uvula and 2 cm behind the hard palate, and removes the subcutaneous fat and connective tissues, and then the mucous membranes are preserved more on the nasopharyngeal surface of the soft palate (posterior arch of the palate), and the uvula is retained (the tip of the uvula may be appropriately shortened in cases where the uvula is too long). (The tip of the uvula can be cut shorter if it is too long), pay attention to not hurt the muscle layer, trim the edges of the tonsil fossa upward one by one after the alignment of the suture, the bottom of the suture as close as possible to the root of the tongue, to expand the diameter of the pharyngeal cavity by suture pulling. The postoperative period was characterized by routine anti-inflammatory, hemostasis and symptomatic treatment. There were no serious complications during and after the operation, and the average intraoperative blood loss was 50ml (30-70ml) per case. 1.3 Results The snoring of 6 patients improved on the night of operation, the number of apnea was reduced or disappeared, the oxygen saturation of the patients was 78% at the lowest point of postoperative cardiac and respiratory monitor (without oxygen), the heart rate of the patients with tachycardia was reduced from 160 beats/minute to 110 beats/minute, and there was no arrhythmia, and the apnea was measured for 2-5 times in the night of operation for 7 hours, and there was no apnea in 4 patients. 1-2 weeks after the operation may be due to the local reaction of the operation subsided, the improvement of symptoms became more obvious, all the patients did not have daytime sleepiness. 6 patients were followed up for 6-9 months, the efficacy of the treatment was stable, 1 patient snoring reappeared, but it was significantly reduced compared with the preoperative period, there was no nocturnal apnea, and it did not affect the daytime work. 6 cases were all cured. Discussion The incidence of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAHS) is about 2%-4% in middle-aged people, which is a disease with high morbidity. With the continuous improvement of the living standard, this disease has a tendency to increase, which seriously affects people’s quality of life and physical health. Clinical studies have found that the main causes of this disease are anatomical narrowing of the upper airway and local soft tissue collapse enhancement. One of the main treatments at home and abroad is surgical resection of the mucosa, fat and lymphatic tissue at the site of obstruction without preserving the uvula, but clinical work has confirmed that preserving the uvula and only resecting the surrounding tissues does not have a significant difference in therapeutic effect, and reduces the likelihood of nasopharyngeal stenosis. The choice of anesthesia depends on the situation, each has its own advantages and disadvantages, local anesthesia can let the patient in a state of wakefulness to accept the operation, intraoperative and postoperative complications, but it is not easy to cooperate; general anesthesia is convenient for the operation, but anesthesia and sedation drugs can inhibit the respiratory center, increase the intraoperative and postoperative risk, and the cost is high. In this group, there were no postoperative complications such as regurgitation, pharyngeal stenosis and death, etc. The main diagnostic basis for patients with OSAHS is not only clinical manifestations and signs, but also polysomnography, which can distinguish between central, obstructive and mixed apnea, and has important guiding significance for the classification of sleep apnea syndrome, efficacy and prognosis judgment. The follow-up period of the 6 patients in this group is 6-9 months, which is the near-term efficacy, and its long-term efficacy needs to be further observed and explored for further improvement.