Slanting neck is an unnatural tilt or transposition of the head. Although many underlying causes exist, including lymphadenopathy, spinal deformities and abnormal eye movements, the most common cause is unilateral shortening of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Children with typical squint often seek treatment in two ways. One is in a 1- to 2-month-old child whose mother or primary care physician notices that the child likes to turn his/her head to one side. Although attempts are made to force the child to turn to the other direction, the child is unable to do so. In fact, adults often feel resistance when forcing the head to turn. The head is usually tilted to the opposite side of the affected muscle, consistent with the sternocleidomastoid muscle pulling the ipsilateral ear downward toward the shoulder and forward toward the chest. On physical examination, the child’s head and neck range of motion is significantly limited. The sternocleidomastoid muscle is often shortened and tense, and on palpation the middle of the muscle is felt to be thickened. The second manifestation is the presence of a mass in the neck of the newborn. The mass appears as a fibrous “tumor” within the sternocleidomastoid muscle and is often associated with a sloping neck. These babies are too small to show a true sternocranial neck, so they are usually difficult to observe. On physical examination, the mass is hard, non-compressive, and relatively fixed, although it has some mobility at the anterior-posterior level. It is important to confirm the diagnosis when the mass is found to be clearly in the muscle on physical examination. Ultrasound examination by an experienced sonographer is the best means to rule out other conditions and to determine the characteristic impression of a fibrous mass associated with an oblique neck. Although the mass can also be detected by CT or MRI, it is not much necessary and the pediatric patient has to be exposed to the risks of radiation and anesthesia. Once the diagnosis has been confirmed by physical examination or ultrasound, the treatment plan should be discussed with the parents. Parents should be informed that the disease is not malignant, that the long-term outcome of treatment is good, and that the child usually develops normally. On the other hand, it should be emphasized that inadequate or delayed treatment can cause significant and irreversible malformations. The main therapeutic measure is passive traction training, operated by the parents or by an experienced rehabilitation physician, several times a day for several months. The family should see an experienced pediatric surgeon or rehabilitation physician for regular follow-up examinations. Start with once a day, and then reduce the frequency of training if results are evident. During the first 2 months, most infants treated by a responsible physician, supplemented by close follow-up, can achieve significant improvement in symptoms. The indication for the need of surgical treatment is the presence of half of the face dysplasia in the child. This is a curious phenomenon caused by chronic and persistent head tilting to one side causing facial muscle atrophy and facial bone dysplasia. This can cause severe irreversible asymmetry and deformity of the face. Although half of the facial hypoplasia is considered by some clinicians to be the only indication for surgery, surgery should also be considered for persistent or severe strabismus that has failed after 9 months to 1 year of non-surgical treatment. In conclusion, strabismus is an uncommon problem that subsides in most cases with passive traction training without surgical treatment. In fact, the condition should be treated sparingly with surgery, except in severe cases that cause half of the facial dysplasia.