Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease caused by dysfunctional transmission at the neuromuscular junction. The thymus gland is closely related to the pathogenesis of the disease and has been the primary option for the comprehensive treatment of myasthenia gravis since 1944, when 20 patients with myasthenia gravis treated with transthoracic thymectomy were reported to have an effective delay in symptoms. Nevertheless, there are no prospective clinical studies to confirm whether drug therapy alone (prednisone, etc.) is better than thymectomy in improving muscle strength to improve quality of life. In addition, patient selection, surgical approach, and scope of thymectomy have been the subject of debate, and there is no universally accepted classification, grading system, or efficacy evaluation method. Therefore, physicians should carefully consider the following three points before deciding to perform thymectomy: (1) Open surgery: transthoracic thymectomy; transthoracic maxillary thymectomy; transcervical maxillary thymectomy. (2) Minimally invasive surgery: transcervical thymectomy; thoracoscopic thymectomy. Studies have found advantages and disadvantages of each surgical modality of surgical treatment. Clinical studies with large sample sizes have shown that minimally invasive thymectomy has fewer complications, shorter hospital stays, and less pain than open surgery. Moreover, minimally invasive surgery provides maximum protection of lung function and meets the cosmetic needs of young patients with incisions. In addition, with the increasing standardization of robotic surgical procedures, robotic thymectomy will also be fully put into minimally invasive treatment of MG. In 2000, the Myasthenia Gravis Foundation proposed the Myasthenia Gravis Classification and Staging System, which can be used to evaluate the progression and remission of myasthenia gravis before and after treatment. complete stable remission. 3. Consider postoperative medication reduction: Postoperative medication may be reduced or even suspended after thymectomy. However, few studies have reported and taken this view seriously. The authors believe that reducing drug dependence is the greatest benefit of thymectomy for patients with myasthenia gravis for two reasons: (1) it avoids the adverse effects of drugs and reduces the side effects of immunosuppressive therapy (tumors, infections, etc.), and (2) immunosuppressive therapy requires long-term medication, and thymectomy can reduce the financial burden of medication for patients. The complexity of the classification and staging of myasthenia gravis makes it difficult to conduct prospective clinical studies. In order to better understand the clinical effects of surgical treatment, combined medical-surgical treatment, and medical treatment on myasthenia gravis, future studies should apply the classification and staging system developed by the Myasthenia Gravis Foundation as much as possible in order to more objectively evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of different treatment strategies.