Femoral aneurysm is a common disease, mostly seen in the common femoral artery, for this disease, I believe we are not unfamiliar, in order to deepen your understanding of femoral aneurysm, the following is a detailed description of the causes of femoral aneurysm, I hope it will be helpful to you. (A) Causes of pathogenesis 1. Trauma
Stab wounds or gunshot wounds to the femur can cause rupture or complete dissection of the vessel wall, forming a limited, pulsating hematoma in the surrounding soft tissue first, and then gradually surrounded by proliferating fibrous tissue, the clot is liquefied and absorbed to form a pseudoaneurysm; indirect trauma such as blunt contusion and crush injury to the femur can cause damage to the middle membrane of the artery, fracture of elastic fibers, and local weakness of the wall, which gradually expands to form an aneurysm under the action of pressure. Patients with traumatic femoral aneurysm are younger in age, between 20 and 40 years old, and all are pseudoaneurysms. 2. Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis is the most common cause in Europe and the United States. Patients are mostly over 50 years old, often accompanied by hypertension, coronary heart disease or multiple aneurysms, and the inner membrane of the arterial wall thickens in atherosclerosis. 3. Infection
Infected aneurysm can be caused by endogenous infection such as sepsis, whistle infection, bacterial endocarditis or direct infection of perivascular local septic infection, and exogenous pathways such as open trauma and medical infection, which cause small abscesses in the trophoblastic vessels or vessel walls, resulting in aneurysm due to weakness of the middle membrane of the artery. 4. Medical factors
With the widespread development of interventional treatment, the number of reports of arterial cannulation injury forming pseudoaneurysm of femoral artery is gradually increasing. In addition, the number of revascularization procedures is increasing, and there is also a trend of increasing the formation of pseudoaneurysm of anastomosis due to local hematoma of anastomosis, infection or poor anastomosis technique causing weakness and rupture of anastomosis in part or in whole. Other causes such as degenerative degeneration of the middle membrane of the artery and congenital defects of the middle layer of the artery (such as Marfan syndrome) can also cause femoral artery aneurysms, but they are less common. (Femoral aneurysms mainly occur in the femoral triangle, above the common femoral artery, and it is rare for the external iliac aneurysm to involve the common femoral artery downward, while superficial and deep femoral aneurysms alone are sometimes reported but rare. According to the site of aneurysm invasion, Cutler et al. classified femoral aneurysms into two types: those with aneurysms confined to the common femoral artery are called type I, and those with aneurysms extending to the opening of the deep femoral artery are called type II. The incidence of the two types is approximately equal. Patients with atherosclerotic aneurysms are more common in men, often over 50 years of age, and are often accompanied by hypertension and other sites of atherosclerotic disease, so these aneurysms are often not isolated. 95% have a second aneurysm, 92% have an iliac aneurysm, and 59% are bilateral. The probability of inducing a femoral artery pseudoaneurysm is about l%. The main-femoral artery and femoral-popliteal artery bypass grafting, which are often done clinically, require the femoral artery as the inflow and outflow channel. Both femoral and popliteal aneurysms can cause acute ischemia of the distal limb due to thrombosis or dislodgement of the distal artery. Through the introduction of the above article, we have a certain understanding of the causes of femoral aneurysm, for this disease, we should pay enough attention to it, in our daily lives we should pay more attention to stay away from all the factors that trigger femoral aneurysm, always prevent femoral aneurysm.