In the 1950s and 1960s, Japanese scholars performing cerebral angiography discovered a rare disease, which was named smoker’s disease because it showed many dense piles of small blood vessel shadows on the imaging images that looked like smoke exhaled during smoking. This disease, as an uncommon disease, has a bimodal incidence, one in children under ten years old and one in adults over forty years old. Children are mostly ischemic, often accompanied by dizziness and headache, nausea, mental decline, memory loss, etc. In adults, both ischemic and hemorrhagic diseases occur, and the most obvious clinical manifestations are cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction. Therefore, early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment of smog must be achieved. Medical experts from all over the world have been devoted to the exploration of treatment methods for smog, and after long-term research, it is found that conservative treatment, mainly using vasodilators, anti-platelet aggregation drugs and anticoagulants to treat, these drugs will have some side effects on the patient’s body when taken for a long time. In addition, for patients with ischemic smog, the long-term use of anti-platelet aggregation drugs may lead to the occurrence of cerebral hemorrhage, which is unfavorable to the patient’s prognosis, so conservative treatment is not a good solution to the disease of smog patients. Surgery, however, is effective in improving the symptoms of cerebral ischemia by creating new lateral branch blood flow channels and expanding the blood supply. At present, many local hospitals do not have a perfect system to carry out smog surgery in the clinic, and individual hospitals only use traditional direct bypass and indirect patching, which are not the ideal surgical methods for patients because there are still some problems with these two procedures. In recent years, the introduction of combined vascular bypass surgery is an effective combination of direct bypass and indirect patching, which is effective in rapidly establishing blood flow side branch channels while further inducing the formation of neovascularization and improving blood supply to the brain in multiple directions. The treatment cost of this procedure depends on the specific condition of the patient, some only do unilateral surgery, the cost may be lower, and some do bilateral surgery, the cost is relatively high.