The whole process of craniotomy for smoldering disease includes preoperative preparation, intraoperative operation and postoperative suturing. 1. Preoperative preparation: Determine the craniotomy site of the patient, fix the head with skull clips, and clean the surgical site of hair. Use skin markers to draw incisions, mark the surgical site, anesthesia, disinfection, toweling, and full exposure of the surgical site. 2. Intraoperative operation: Direct vascular bypass is mostly used to separate the superficial temporal artery and anastomose it with the end of the middle cerebral artery. If the superficial temporal artery is too thin, it can be anastomosed with the middle cerebral artery and the posterior cerebral artery through the artery behind the ear, or indirect vascular bypass grafting is used to attach the superficial temporal artery and muscle to the brain surface to allow extracranial blood to flow into the skull. 3. Postoperative suture: After intracranial surgery, the dura mater is sutured and the bone flap is reinserted into the skull defect, which is then sutured and bandaged layer by layer. Intracranial and extracranial revascularization surgery is the main treatment for smog disease, and patients should follow the doctor’s instructions before and after the surgery to ensure smooth operation and postoperative healing and recovery.