Infant Stroking
(1) Head: a. Slide the thumbs of both hands from the center of the forehead to both sides. b. Slide the thumbs of both hands from the center of the jaw to the outside, upward. c. Slide the palm surface of both hands from the hairline of the forehead upward, backward, to the hairline of the lower back, and stop at the two mastoids, pressing gently. (2) chest: both hands gently massage from the outer lower side of the chest to the opposite shoulder respectively. (3) abdomen: a. Both hands take turns to draw a circle with the umbilicus as the center in clockwise direction. b. Slip and draw I, L, U in the abdomen . (4) Extremities: hands grasp the arms, from the shoulder to the wrist, from top to bottom gently squeeze, squeeze while pinching. And rub the large muscle groups and joints. The lower limbs are the same as the upper limbs. (5) hands and feet: the thumbs of both hands from the palm surface of the hand heel side in turn to the finger side, and lifting and pinching each finger joint, the feet and hands the same. (6) back: infants in a prone position, the palms of both hands on both sides of the spine from the center to the sides, and then four fingers apart, along the direction of the spine from the shoulders to the buttocks massage. Cao Aihua, Department of Child Health Care, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University
Passive limb activities
(1) upper limbs: hold the baby’s wrist with both hands, flatten and flex the upper limbs and then lift them up, do four times two 8 beats, flatten and then cross in front of the chest, once with the left hand on top, another time with the right hand on top, do four times two 8 beats
(2) lower limbs: hold the baby’s ankle with both hands, bend upward, then stretch, do a total of eight times two 8 beats on both sides. Hands holding the baby’s knees upward, lift to a right angle, a total of four times two 8 beats
(3) feet: bend the back of the foot 2 times, the tip of the foot rotate inward 4 times, and then bend the back of the foot 2 times to rotate outward 4 times, a total of two 8 beats
Training of large movements
Training items
Objectives
Training method
Training tools
Rotating head
Turn the head to the left and right with the object in a small area
Infants lying on their backs, 30cm away from the eyes with a red ball arc movement, training the eyes and head with the red ball movement
10cm diameter red ball or colorful toys 1~2 pieces
Prone head lift
Prone head lift 45-90 degrees for more than 5 seconds
Infants lie prone, bend their elbows, and use toys in front and above their heads.
Tease, train to lift the head, with a little help if necessary
2 pieces of colorful toys with sound
Pull up and lift the head
Pull up the head without lagging until the head can be lifted with the body
Infants lying on their backs, gently pull the arms to make the body into a 45-degree angle, training to lift the head, if necessary, with help
2 pieces of colorful toys with sound
Elbow support
Head upright, elbow support for more than 5 seconds
Infant lying prone, bending elbows, teasing with toys in front and above, training to lift the head and elbow support, so that the chest can leave the bed.
2 pieces of colorful toys with sound
Training of fine movements
Training items
Objectives
Training method
Training tools
Grasp
Grasp the object in the hand for more than 5 seconds
Infants lie on their backs and adults place their fingers or the thin handle of the toy in their palms to train their grasping ability
2 toys with thin handles and rattles
Stroking with both hands
Stroke each other’s hands for more than 5 seconds
Infant lying on his back, move both hands to the midline and help him to touch and stroke them together, with assistance if necessary
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Open palms
Open and close the palms of the hands 2 times
Gently touch the palm of the hand or the back of the hand to train the infant to open or close the hand, with assistance
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Rattling toys
From unconsciously rattling toys to consciously rattling toys in the hands
Infants lying on their backs, put a toy that can shake in the hands of the infant, and make a loud sound when the toy is moved by the infant’s limbs, and after several repetitions, the infant can only move the hand that holds the toy to make a loud sound.
A brightly colored toy with a thin handle
Language training
Training items
Objectives
Training methods
Training groups
Listening to sounds
Responding to sounds, blinking and expression of surprise
Infants lie on their backs and shake small bells or rattles out of sight to train their responses
1 bell and 1 rattle each
Find the source of the sound
Turn head in the direction of the sound
Shake the bell 10 cm from the ear to train the infant’s auditory response, first on the left and then on the right
Small bell or hard plastic box with dried beans or corn kernels to make a “thud” sound when shaken
Laughing out loud
Audible laughter
Use the toy to tease, make him excited and laugh
1 or 2 toys with sound
Cognitive training
Training items
Objectives
Training method
Training tools
Gazing at objects
Look at the red ball with the eyes
Use the red ball 30cm above the head to tease, shake the ball and call its name to make it pay attention
1 red ball with a diameter of 8 to 10
Follow 180 degrees of vision
The eyes can turn 90-180 degrees with the red ball and follow 30 degrees upward.
30cm above the eye with a red ball in an arc to do 90-180 degrees, and then move upward to train the head and eye response, the beginning can give some help
1 red ball 8-10cm in diameter
See the object to reach out
Can reach out to grasp things in the line of sight, but not necessarily to grasp
At a distance of 30cm from the eye with a red ball or colorful toys to tease, there is the response of reaching. If not, touch the back of the hand with the red ball and help the hand to reach for the red ball
Red ball or colored toy with a diameter of 8-10cm
Training of social behavior
Training items
Objectives
Training methods
Training tools
Gaze
Able to look at people’s faces
The adult face is 20-30cm away from the infant’s face, gaze at each other, and train the infant’s eye gaze response
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Able to look at people walking around
Infants look at people walking in their line of sight
The mother walks around in the line of sight to induce the infant to look.
Quiet room
Smiles when teased
Looks at faces and smiles when teased by an adult
Adults face the infant and tease with smiles and sounds to train the infant to respond with a smile
–Eye to Eye
Eye-to-eye
Able to look into human eyes and follow them
Adults face the infant to elicit the gaze and then move their head slightly to train the pursuit response
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