1. Concept: Early intervention is all types of training to improve the intellectual abilities of preterm infants by providing various sensory stimulation and rich environmental education to at-risk infants. It is used for infants and toddlers whose development (mainly neurological and mental development) deviates from normal or may deviate from normal. Measures are taken to improve the development of these infants and toddlers, or to catch up with the development of normal children or to increase their ability to care for themselves. Early intervention can reverse deviations from normal neurological and psychiatric development and allow infants and toddlers to reach their full potential. The key to treatment is early detection, early diagnosis, early intervention, early treatment, the earlier the start, the better the results. 2, the target of intervention: The target of early intervention is mainly the surviving high-risk children affected by high-risk factors in the perinatal period, and the high-risk factors are divided into fetal period, delivery period and neonatal period by period: 1, fetal period high-risk factors: genetic factors, early pregnancy bleeding, gestational hypertension syndrome, intrauterine infection, the influence of toxic and harmful substances during pregnancy, maternal diseases (anemia, heart, liver, kidney, diabetes, etc.) 2. High-risk factors during delivery: neonatal asphyxia, obstructed labor, cesarean section, birth injury. 3. High-risk factors during the neonatal period: prematurity, low birth weight (<2500g) neonatal ischemic-hypoxic encephalopathy, severe hyperbilirubinemia, intracranial hemorrhage, central nervous system infection. 3. Screening and diagnostic methods: ①Neonatal Behavioral Ability Assay (NBNA): Those with NBNA score <35< span=""> are classified as high-risk infants for management. ②The 52 neuromotor examinations edited by Bao Xiulan, screening by checking consciousness response, audiovisual condition, primitive reflexes, motor ability, muscle tone examination, abnormal posture examination, etc. ③Newborn hearing screening. ④Auxiliary examinations: cranial ultrasound or CT, fundus examination, electroencephalogram, etc. 4.Intervention methods: ①Refer to the “Newborn behavior and 0-3 years old education” to develop early interventions, starting after the condition stabilizes after 7 d. Sensory stimulation massage, visual, auditory, head lifting and limb movement training in the neonatal period, about half an hour or more each time, at least 2 times a day; perception, visual and auditory, language, memory and movement training in the infant period. ② Direct intervention for newborns with visual and auditory stimulation, focusing on massage, passive gymnastics, swimming and other motor training, and active motor training such as head lifting, turning over, sitting, crawling, standing and walking according to the law of infant motor development. ③For children with moderate to severe brain injury, we apply movement therapy to promote normal movement development, inhibit abnormal movement and posture, and gradually promote children to produce correct movement. ④Physical electric therapy, cognitive function training and drug therapy (monosialoganglioside, sodium cytarabine, salvia injection, cerebroprotein hydrolysate, lysine inositol vitamin B12 oral solution) should be selected according to the child’s condition. 5. Post-discharge follow-up and intervention: Follow-up of newborns can help detect children with deviations from normal physical or neurological development at an early stage and provide timely early intervention to reduce the degree of disability. In addition, follow-up visits also allow for retrospective epidemiological surveys and prospective clinical randomized controls to explore the incidence, risk factors and pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental disability. Follow-up should be initiated 7-10 days after hospital discharge to assess neonatal recovery from disease. Subsequent visits will be monthly up to 1 year of age and every 3 months from 1 to 2 years of age. The content includes physical development measurements, 52 neuromotor and intellectual development tests, etc. We also provide planned training for parents, introduce basic knowledge of child development, and continue to implement early family intervention for children with the disease. Children with abnormal development will continue to be treated according to the neurodevelopmental treatment method.