When I was in college, my teacher told a story in class about a doctor who was allergic to penicillin. One morning, everyone was in the office getting ready to turn in for their shift, and that doctor just walked to the door and immediately said, “Which one of you broke the penicillin. He turned around and ran to the emergency room, but still died on the way to the ER. A later investigation revealed that a penicillin tube had broken in someone’s pocket, and it was just the trace amount of penicillin that escaped into the air that killed the doctor. According to epidemiological investigation, even today, people have scientific understanding of penicillin allergy, use of strict skin test regulations and rescue plans, but also have a special rescue medicine, patients who die from penicillin allergy, there are still about 2/100,000, in the United States every year about 500 ~ 1000 people, some of them die from skin test, some people skin test is no problem to use after still die from penicillin allergy. In our outpatient injection room, a grandmother brought her grandson to get penicillin, and the grandson cried and peed on the grandmother’s leg, and the grandmother fainted at once. This was probably anaphylaxis caused by the grandmother’s skin contact with the products of penicillin metabolism in the grandson’s body. So, penicillin allergy does not necessarily have to be injected or taken orally into the body, but any kind of contact with the skin, respiratory tract, etc. can lead to allergy. Of course, the incidence of penicillin allergy is much higher, reaching 0.7-10% in the normal population, and even a positive skin test rate of 38% has been reported in China. Allergic reactions usually occur within minutes to tens of minutes of exposure, but they can also occur as fast as a few seconds or as late as ten days later, the latter being called delayed allergic reactions. Besides penicillin, what other drugs can cause allergies? “Allergy is one of the adverse reactions to drugs. It can be said that any drug can cause allergy, and if you look carefully at the drug instructions, there are few that do not cause allergy. One of my cousin’s nephews had a pink “wind-blown” rash (hives) within 5 minutes of vitamin B6 injection, which quickly improved after stopping the drug, and the same appeared again after using it again. A patient in our surgical department had anaphylactic shock with phenolsulfonamide (hemostat). Even some western medicines for allergic diseases can cause allergic reactions, and the reactions are not at all less severe than other medicines. In addition to western drugs, Chinese medicine can also cause allergies. The probability of allergic reactions to Chinese medicine injections is lower than that of Western medicine, but there are cases of serious allergic reactions, and in a few cases, they can be fatal. Oral administration of herbal medicines can also cause allergies. There are reports that some patients are allergic to the Chinese medicine Liu Wei Di Huang Wan, which became one of the reasons why Fang Zhouzi wanted to abolish Chinese medicine (so many western medicines are allergic, I wonder why Fang Zhouzi didn’t say abolish western medicine). In addition to drugs, there are also many cases of allergies caused by food. There are people allergic to flour, eggs, fish, shrimp, etc. in food. Some people may be allergic to certain ingredients inherent in these foods, or they may be allergic to other foreign ingredients in the food, such as fertilizers and pesticide residues during growth, and various additives during storage and processing. If the cows are fed antibiotics, the milk must contain antibiotics and their metabolites. Someone who is allergic to milk may be allergic to the milk itself or to the antibiotics in the milk (similar to the previous case of the grandson who urinated fainting grandmother). There are legends of feeding antibiotics and contraceptives to snakes, eels, snappers, sea cucumbers, kiwi shrimps, etc. It is sometimes really difficult to tell whether people are allergic to these animal foods themselves or to the antibiotics and contraceptives fed to these animals. The actions of unscrupulous farmers and manufacturers have increased food safety hazards, and the dangers speak for themselves. I once participated in a scientific research award of a winery, the main content of which was that the use of penicillin in the fermentation process had increased the yield and quality of wine, which I strongly opposed. The market “antibiotic milk”, “antibiotic meat”, “antibiotic fish and shrimp” has been too much, can no longer let “antibiotic wine The “antibiotic wine” should not be allowed to proliferate. In addition to food and medicine, many things in nature can also cause allergies. Pollen allergy may be more familiar to everyone. Some people have stuffy nose, sneezing, itchy skin or asthma when the flowers bloom in spring, probably because they are allergic to pollen. Likewise, someone who experiences these very unpleasant symptoms in the autumn season may likewise be allergic to certain components of pollen or dead plants. When I was a child, my family cut down a lacquer tree and put it on the sunbathing pine in front of the door. When a group of children played on the tree at night, they got up the next morning and their faces were swollen like big pumpkins and their bodies were covered with rashes, probably due to allergic dermatitis caused by an allergy to the natural lacquer contained in the tree. Even after lacquering furniture, there are still allergic reactions that occur. If allergy symptoms such as asthma and rashes occur after buying new furniture or moving to a new home, consider whether you are allergic to decoration and furniture materials (including artificial paint). Likewise, if you are uncomfortable in new clothes, consider whether you are allergic to the dyes or fibers in the clothes. There are also reports online of people who are allergic to sunlight and have to live in the dark for the rest of their lives. The natural world is our home, but it is also full of dangers for some people. It is also possible to be allergic to living organisms and their metabolites, such as insect mites, molds, etc. One bride, who suddenly had a respiratory emergency on her wedding night, was rushed to the hospital emergency department for resuscitation, but it turned out that she was allergic to her husband’s semen. This is one of the reasons why some couples are sterile and infertile. Allergic reactive diseases are related to genetic factors and the patient’s constitution. Allergens can be anything except pure water and pure air (there are reports that dozens of antibiotics have been detected in river water, can we still drink water in the future? The haze is getting worse every day, so it is a question of whether you can still breathe in the future), and even sunlight and temperature. It involves every aspect of human life, and its manifestations are varied and can be mild or severe. The common ones include: allergic rhinitis, with itchy nose, sneezing, runny nose and nasal congestion; allergic bronchitis, with itchy throat and cough; allergic asthma, with chest tightness, cough, shortness of breath and wheezing; allergic dermatitis, such as hives and eczema, with itchy skin, rash or wind mass; anaphylactic shock, with sudden coma, cold sweat, panic, shortness of breath, chest tightness, incontinence, drop in blood pressure, and so on. The lighter ones are self-curing, the more severe ones (such as anaphylaxis) may not be able to return to life even if they are rescued urgently. There is no good way to prevent it, and the best way is to stay away from allergens and disengage from contact. Treatment requires consultation with a professional physician.